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Shloka 46

अश्वमेधीयस्य हयस्य दक्षिणापश्चिमगमनम् — The Sacrificial Horse’s Southern and Western Circuit

परिवार्य हयं जग्मुस्ततश्लुक्रोध पाण्डव: । यद्यपि पार्थने सान्त्वनापूर्वक समझा-बुझाकर उन सबको युद्धसे रोका, तथापि वे अमर्षशील योद्धा उस घोड़ेको चारों ओरसे घेरकर उसे पकड़नेके लिये आगे बढ़े। यह देख पाण्जुपुत्र अर्जुनको बड़ा क्रोध हुआ

parivārya hayaṁ jagmus tataś ca krodha-pāṇḍavāḥ | yady api pārthena sāntvanāpūrvakaṁ samjñāpayitvā yuddhāt nivāritāḥ, tathāpi te amarṣa-śīlā yodhā aśvaṁ sarvataḥ parikṣipya grahītuṁ pravavṛduḥ | tad dṛṣṭvā pāṇḍu-putra arjunasya mahān krodho 'bhavat ||

Vaiśampāyana thuật lại: Các chiến sĩ Pāṇḍava bừng bừng phẫn nộ, tiến lên và vây quanh con ngựa tế lễ. Dẫu Arjuna, con của Pṛthā, đã dùng lời lẽ ôn hòa và lý lẽ để ngăn họ khỏi giao chiến, những kẻ hiếu thắng, không chịu nhịn ấy vẫn xông tới, bao vây con ngựa từ mọi phía để đoạt lấy. Thấy vậy, Arjuna, con của Pāṇḍu, nổi giận dữ dội.

परिवार्यhaving surrounded / encircling
परिवार्य:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-√वृ (वारयति)
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), परस्मैपद-प्रयोग (कर्तरि)
हयम्the horse
हयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
जग्मुःthey went / advanced
जग्मुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Root√गम्
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
ततःthen / thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
श्लुक्रोधःone whose anger blazed (fierce in wrath)
श्लुक्रोधः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootश्लुक्रोध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पाण्डवःthe Pandava (Arjuna)
पाण्डवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśaṃpāyana
P
Pāṇḍavas (Pāṇḍava warriors)
A
Arjuna (Pārtha, Pāṇḍu-putra)
A
Aśvamedha horse (haya/aśva)

Educational Q&A

The verse foregrounds the ethical struggle between self-restraint and reactive honor. Even when a leader (Arjuna) attempts pacification and avoidance of violence, unchecked pride and intolerance (amarṣa) can drive conflict—showing why mastery over anger is crucial for dharma, especially in politically charged ritual contexts.

During the Aśvamedha context, the sacrificial horse becomes the focal symbol of sovereignty. Some Pāṇḍava-aligned warriors, angered, surround and attempt to seize the horse. Arjuna tries to stop them through calming persuasion, but they still advance, and Arjuna’s anger flares upon witnessing their defiance.