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Shloka 5

बभ्रुवाहन-धनंजययोः संग्रामः

Babhruvāhana and Dhanaṃjaya’s engagement at Maṇipūra

तिष्ठ ध्वं युद्धमनसो दर्प शमयितास्मि व: । एतावदुक्त्वा कौरव्यो रोषाद्‌ गाण्डीवभूत्‌ तदा

tiṣṭha dhvaṁ yuddhamanasaḥ darpaṁ śamayitāsmi vaḥ | etāvad uktvā kauravyo roṣād gāṇḍīvabhūt tadā |

Vaiśampāyana nói: “Hãy đứng vững, lòng quyết chiến; ta sẽ dập tắt sự kiêu mạn của các ngươi.” Nói xong, vị vương tử nhà Kuru—cơn giận bốc lên—cầm lấy cây Gāṇḍīva. Nhưng khi đối diện quân thù, Arjuna nhớ lại lời khuyên của anh cả Dharmarāja: một kṣatriya cầu thắng không nên tàn sát kẻ đã bị khuất phục, song vẫn phải đánh bại họ. Nhớ lời ấy, bậc nhất trong loài người trầm tư cách giữ chiến thắng mà không trái đạo.

तिष्ठतstand (you all)!
तिष्ठत:
TypeVerb
Rootस्था (तिष्ठ)
Formलोट् (imperative), 2, plural, परस्मैपद
ध्वम्you (pl.)
ध्वम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयुष्मद् (enclitic pronoun)
Formenclitic 2nd person plural marker used with imperative
युद्धमनसःhaving minds set on battle; battle-minded
युद्धमनसः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootयुद्धमनस्
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
दर्पम्pride, arrogance
दर्पम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदर्प
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
शमयिताone who will subdue/quieten
शमयिता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशमयितृ (from धातु: शम्/शमय्)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
अस्मिI am
अस्मि:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
Formलट् (present), 1, singular, परस्मैपद
वःof you; your
वः:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Formgenitive, plural, 2
एतावत्this much
एतावत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतावत्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
उक्त्वाhaving said
उक्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
Formक्त्वा-न्त (absolutive/gerund), परस्मैपद
कौरव्यःthe Kaurava (scion of Kuru line)
कौरव्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकौरव्य
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
रोषात्from/through anger; in anger
रोषात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootरोष
Formmasculine, ablative, singular
गाण्डीवभूत्became (took up) the Gāṇḍīva
गाण्डीवभूत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
Formलुङ् (aorist), 3, singular, परस्मैपद, augment a- dropped in sandhi/metrical usage; understood as अभूत्
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
A
Arjuna
D
Dharmarāja (Yudhiṣṭhira)
K
Kaurava/Kuru lineage (as descriptor)
G
Gāṇḍīva (bow)

Educational Q&A

Even in war, victory must be pursued within dharma: arrogance is to be checked, and a kṣatriya should avoid killing those already subdued while still accomplishing rightful defeat.

Arjuna challenges his opponents to stand ready for battle and vows to humble their pride, taking up the Gāṇḍīva in anger; immediately, he recalls Yudhiṣṭhira’s ethical instruction about restraint toward defeated foes and begins to deliberate how to act accordingly.