Shloka 54

Kṛṣṇa’s Departure, Auspicious Omens, and the Opening of the Uttaṅka Dialogue (कृष्णप्रयाण-निमित्त-उत्तङ्कसंवाद-प्रारम्भः)

Devanagari script

तया स सम्यक्‌ प्रतिनन्दितस्तत- स्तथैव सर्वर्विदुरादिभिस्तथा । विनिर्ययौ नागपुराद्‌ गदाग्रजो रथेन दिव्येन चतुर्भुज: स्वयम्‌

Transliteration

tayā sa samyak pratinanditas tataḥ tathaiva sarvair vidurādibhis tathā | viniryayau nāgapurād gadāgrajo rathena divyena caturbhujaḥ svayam ||

Translation

Được Kuntī tiếp đón chu đáo, lại được Vidura và mọi người khác kính chào trọng hậu, Gadāgraja—chính Đức Kṛṣṇa bốn tay—đã cáo biệt theo lễ và rời Nāgapura (Hastināpura) trên cỗ xe thần của mình. Cảnh ấy nêu bật đạo lý của lòng tri ân và lời từ biệt đúng phép: ngay cả Đấng Tối Thượng cũng khiêm cung nhận lễ kính và ra đi sao cho giữ gìn hòa khí và dharma giữa thân tộc và bậc trưởng thượng.

Word by Word

• तया: by her
• तया: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सम्यक्: properly, duly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सम्यक्

• प्रतिनन्दितः: welcomed, greeted
• Type: Participle
• Root: प्रति-नन्द्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, Passive, Past (PPP)

• ततः: then, thereafter
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः

• तथैव: just so, likewise
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा + एव

• सर्वैः: by all
• सर्वैः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• विदुर-आदिभिः: by Vidura and others
• विदुर-आदिभिः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: विदुर + आदि
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• तथा: also, in the same manner
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• विनिर्ययौ: went out, departed
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-निर्-या
• Form: Perfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• नागपुरात्: from Nāgapura (Hastināpura)
• नागपुरात्: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: नागपुर
• Form: Neuter, Ablative, Singular

• गदा-अग्रजः: the elder brother of Gadā (i.e., Kṛṣṇa, elder of Gadā)
• गदा-अग्रजः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: गदा + अग्रज
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• रथेन: by/with a chariot
• रथेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• दिव्येन: divine
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दिव्य
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• चतुर्भुजः: four-armed
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चतुर् + भुज
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• स्वयम्: himself
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स्वयम्

Speaker

युधिषछ्िर उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Yudhiṣṭhira
• Śrī Kṛṣṇa
• Vidura
• Nāgapura (Hastināpura)
• divine chariot (divya-ratha)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights dharmic social conduct: honouring guests and elders, offering respectful farewell, and maintaining harmony through proper etiquette. Even Kṛṣṇa, though supreme, participates in these norms, modelling humility and gratitude.

What is happening in the narrative?

After being properly welcomed and honoured—by a principal lady (contextually Kuntī in the Hindi gloss) and by Vidura and others—Kṛṣṇa, described as four-armed and as Gadā’s elder, departs from Hastināpura (Nāgapura) in his divine chariot.