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Shloka 27

Mind as Charioteer; Kṣetrajña, Tapas, and Dhyāna-Yoga

Adhyātma-Upadeśa

नावा चापि यथा प्राज्ञो विभागज्ञः स्वरित्रया । अश्रान्त: सलिले गच्छेच्छीघ्रं संतरते हृदम्‌

nāvā cāpi yathā prājño vibhāgajñaḥ svaritrayā | aśrāntaḥ salile gacchec chīghraṃ saṃtarate hṛdam ||

Vāyu nói: “Như người trí—thông thạo việc phân biệt các luồng lạch của thủy đạo—đi trên mặt nước không mệt mỏi bằng chiếc thuyền có mái chèo tốt và mau chóng vượt qua khoảng mênh mông; cũng vậy, người biết phân biệt sẽ vượt khỏi biển cả của đời sống luân hồi. Và khi đã đến bờ bên kia, người ấy buông bỏ sự chấp trước ngay cả đối với phương tiện đã đưa mình qua.”

नावाby a boat
नावा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootनौ
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
यथाjust as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
प्राज्ञःa wise man
प्राज्ञः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्राज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विभागज्ञःknower of divisions/ways (of the water-route)
विभागज्ञः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविभागज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्वरित्रयाwith an oar/paddle
स्वरित्रया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootस्वरित्र
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
अश्रान्तःunwearied
अश्रान्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअश्रान्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सलिलेin the water
सलिले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसलिल
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
गच्छेत्would go/proceed
गच्छेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
शीघ्रम्quickly
शीघ्रम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootशीघ्र
संतरतेcrosses over
संतरते:
TypeVerb
Rootसंतॄ
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
हृदम्a lake/expanse of water
हृदम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootह्रद
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyudeva
B
boat (nāva)
O
oar/steering implement (svaritra)
W
water/expanse of water (salila, hṛda)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches non-attachment to instruments and supports once their purpose is fulfilled: as a traveler abandons possessiveness toward the boat after crossing, a wise person relinquishes clinging to prior aids and accomplishments after transcending worldly bondage.

Vāyudeva is instructing through an analogy: a skilled, intelligent traveler crosses a vast water expanse swiftly using a well-oared boat; likewise, one crosses the ‘ocean’ of worldly life by appropriate means and then lets go of attachment to those means upon reaching the goal.