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Shloka 25

तमोगुण-निरूपण

Analysis of Tamas and its Marks

मग्नास्तमसि दुर्वत्ता: स्वकर्मकृतलक्षणा: । अवाक्स्रोतस इत्येते मग्नासतमसि तामसा:

magnās tamasi durvṛttāḥ svakarmakṛtalakṣaṇāḥ | avāksrotasa ity ete magnās tamasi tāmasāḥ ||

Vāyu nói: “Những kẻ này, hạnh kiểm bại hoại, mang trên mình những dấu ấn do chính nghiệp của họ tạo nên. Chìm trong bóng tối, họ được gọi là ‘những kẻ có dòng chảy hướng xuống’ (arvāk-srotas); bản tính thuộc tamas (tāmasa), họ vẫn đắm ngập trong màn u tối ấy.”

मग्नाःsunk, immersed
मग्नाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमग्न (√मज्ज्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तमसिin darkness
तमसि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootतमस्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
दुर्वत्ताःof bad conduct, wicked
दुर्वत्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर्वृत्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
स्वकर्मकृतलक्षणाःmarked by deeds done by themselves
स्वकर्मकृतलक्षणाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वकर्मकृतलक्षण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अवाक्स्रोतसःhaving a downward current/flow
अवाक्स्रोतसः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअवाक्स्रोतस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
एतेthese
एते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मग्नाःsunk, immersed
मग्नाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमग्न (√मज्ज्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तमसिin darkness
तमसि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootतमस्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
तामसाःtamasic, belonging to darkness
तामसाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootतामस
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

वायुदेव उवाच

वायुदेव (Vāyudeva)

Educational Q&A

One’s moral condition and destiny are shaped by one’s own actions: corrupt conduct leads to tamasic darkness, described as a downward-flowing tendency (avāksrotas), signifying spiritual decline and bondage to ignorance.

Vāyudeva characterizes certain beings/people as sunk in tamas due to their own misdeeds, labeling them ‘avāksrotasaḥ’—those whose inner current moves downward—thereby explaining their degraded state in ethical and karmic terms.