Shloka 33

अलर्कोपाख्यानम् — Indriya-Nigraha and Yogic Victory

Mahābhārata 14.30

Devanagari script

इत्युक्त: स तपो घोरं जामदग्न्य: पितामहै: । आस्थित: सुमहाभागो ययौ सिद्धि च दुर्गमाम्‌

Transliteration

ity uktaḥ sa tapo ghoraṃ jāmadagnyaḥ pitāmahaiḥ | āsthitaḥ sumahābhāgo yayau siddhiṃ ca durgamām ||

Translation

Được các bậc tổ tiên dạy bảo như thế, Jāmadagnya (Paraśurāma) — người phúc phần bậc nhất — liền thực hành khổ hạnh nghiêm khắc. Nhờ kiên trì ôm giữ tapas khắc nghiệt ấy, ngài đạt được một thành tựu tâm linh vô cùng khó đạt và hiếm có.

Word by Word

• इति: thus
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति

• उक्तः: having been spoken to / addressed
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वच्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तपः: austerity, penance
• तपः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• घोरम्: terrible, severe
• Type: Adjective
• Root: घोर
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• जामदग्न्यः: Jāmadagnya (Paraśurāma)
• जामदग्न्यः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: जामदग्न्य
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• पितामहैः: by the grandfathers/ancestors
• पितामहैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितामह
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• आस्थितः: having undertaken / having resorted to
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्था
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सुमहाभागः: very fortunate, highly blessed
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु-महा-भाग
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• ययौ: went, attained
• Type: Verb
• Root: या
• Form: Perfect, 3rd, Singular

• सिद्धिम्: success, accomplishment, siddhi
• सिद्धिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सिद्धि
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• दुर्गमाम्: hard to attain
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दुर्गम
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

ब्राह्मण उवाच

Characters & Entities

• जामदग्न्य (Paraśurāma)
• जमदग्नि (as implied by the patronymic Jāmadagnya)
• पितामह (forefathers/ancestors)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Severe self-discipline (tapas), undertaken with steadiness and respect for ancestral guidance, can lead to rare inner accomplishments; ethical strength is portrayed as arising from restraint and perseverance rather than mere force.

What is happening in the narrative?

After being instructed by his forefathers, Paraśurāma undertakes intense austerities and, through that practice, attains a difficult-to-achieve spiritual perfection (siddhi).