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Shloka 42

धृतराष्ट्रस्य पाण्डवेषु प्रीति-वृत्तान्तः | Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Affectionate Disposition toward the Pāṇḍavas

यो5हं भवन्‍न्तं दुःखार्तमुपवासकृशं भूशम्‌ । जिताहारं क्षितिशयं न विन्दे भ्रातृभि: सह

yo 'haṁ bhavantaṁ duḥkhārtaṁ upavāsa-kṛśaṁ bhūśam | jitāhāraṁ kṣitiśayaṁ na vinde bhrātṛbhiḥ saha ||

Yudhiṣṭhira nói: “Con đã không thể tìm ra Người—dẫu con cùng các em con tìm kiếm—khi Người bị sầu khổ dày vò, gầy mòn vì nhịn ăn, nằm trên đất trần, và sống trong sự tiết chế nghiêm ngặt về ẩm thực. Việc con không hay biết tình trạng của Người chính là điều khiến con day dứt.”

यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवन्तम्you (honorific), (as object)
भवन्तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootभवत्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
दुःख-आर्तम्afflicted by sorrow
दुःख-आर्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootदुःखार्त
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उपवास-कृशम्emaciated due to fasting
उपवास-कृशम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootउपवासकृश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
भू-शयम्lying on the ground
भू-शयम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootभूशय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
जित-आहारम्one who has restrained food (diet-controlled)
जित-आहारम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootजिताहार
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
क्षिति-शयम्lying on the earth
क्षिति-शयम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootक्षितिशय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विन्देI find / I come to know
विन्दे:
TypeVerb
Rootविद् (विन्द्) / विन्दते
FormPresent, First, Singular, Atmanepada
भ्रातृभिःwith (my) brothers
भ्रातृभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभ्रातृ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सहtogether with
सह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
T
the addressed elder (honorific 'bhavantam')
T
the brothers (Pāṇḍavas collectively)
E
earth/ground (kṣiti, bhū)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights ethical responsibility toward elders and dependents: even a righteous king must remain vigilant to others’ suffering. It also frames fasting, restraint, and sleeping on the ground as marks of ascetic hardship that demand compassionate response rather than neglect.

Yudhiṣṭhira addresses an honored person who has withdrawn into severe austerity—fasting, food-restraint, and sleeping on the earth—while burdened by grief. He laments that he and his brothers could not locate or learn of this condition in time.