Shloka 19

Nārada’s Exempla of Tapas and Assurance to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (नारदोपदेशः—तपःसिद्ध्युदाहरणम्)

Devanagari script

भीमसेनादयश्नैव पाण्डवा भरतर्षभ | अभिवाद्योपसंगृहा निषेदु: पार्थिवाज्ञया

Transliteration

bhīmasenādayaś caiva pāṇḍavā bharatarṣabha | abhivādyopasaṅgṛhya niṣeduḥ pārthivājñayā ||

Translation

Vaiśampāyana nói: Bấy giờ Bhīmasena và các Pāṇḍava khác, hỡi bậc tráng kiệt trong dòng Bharata, sau khi kính cẩn đảnh lễ và làm trọn lễ nghi, liền ngồi xuống theo lệnh của nhà vua.

Word by Word

• भीमसेनादयः: Bhimasena and others
• भीमसेनादयः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीमसेन-आदि
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• एव: indeed/just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• पाण्डवाः: the Pandavas
• पाण्डवाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाण्डव-
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• भरतर्षभ: O bull among the Bharatas
• Type: Noun
• Root: भरत-ऋषभ
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• अभिवाद्य: having saluted
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि-√वद्
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)

• उपसंगृह्य: having approached/come near (and attended)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-सम्-√ग्रह्
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)

• निषेदुः: sat down
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि-√सद्
• Form: Perfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Plural

• पार्थिवाज्ञया: by the king's command
• पार्थिवाज्ञया: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्थिव-आज्ञा
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Bhīmasena
• Pāṇḍavas
• the king (pārthiva)
• Bharata lineage (addressed as bharatarṣabha)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights dharmic decorum: one should approach elders or rulers with respectful salutations and comply with rightful instructions, embodying humility, discipline, and social order.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhīma and the other Pāṇḍavas formally greet and pay their respects, then take their seats as directed by the king, indicating a structured audience and proper protocol.