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Shloka 31

Bhāgīrathī-tīra-śauca, Kurukṣetra-gamana, and Śatayūpa-āśrama-dīkṣā (गङ्गातीरशौच–कुरुक्षेत्रगमन–शतयूपाश्रमदीक्षा)

धर्मराजश्न तत्रैव संचस्कारयिषुस्तदा । दग्धुकामो5भवद्‌ विद्वानथ वागभ्यभाषत

vaiśampāyana uvāca | dharmarājaś ca tatraiva saṃcaskārayiṣus tadā | dagdhukāmo 'bhavad vidvān atha vāg abhyabhāṣata ||

Vaiśampāyana nói: Khi ấy, ngay tại đó, vua Dharmarāja, định cử hành tang lễ, muốn hỏa táng bậc hiền trí Vidura. Nhưng đúng lúc ấy, một tiếng nói vô hình cất lên ngăn lại—tuyên rằng hỏa táng tại đây không thích hợp đối với người đã giữ giới hạnh xuất ly, và rằng trong trường hợp này, không làm lễ thiêu mới hợp với dharma vĩnh cửu; vì Vidura đã đạt đến cảnh giới cao hơn, nên hãy gác nỗi bi thương sang một bên.

धर्मराजःKing of Dharma (Yudhiṣṭhira)
धर्मराजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मराज (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
संचस्कारयिषुःintended to perform the funeral rites
संचस्कारयिषुः:
TypeVerb
Rootसं + संस्कृ (धातु)
FormPeriphrastic Future (Lṛṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तदाthen
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
दग्धुकामःdesiring to burn (cremate)
दग्धुकामः:
TypeAdjective
Rootदग्धु-काम (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अभवत्became/was
अभवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
विद्वान्the wise one
विद्वान्:
TypeNoun
Rootविद्वस् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अथthen/now
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
वाक्a voice (divine utterance)
वाक्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवाच् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
अभ्यभाषतspoke/addressed
अभ्यभाषत:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि + भाष् (धातु)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
D
Dharmarāja (Yudhiṣṭhira)
V
Vidura
Ā
ākāśavāṇī (disembodied/sky-voice)

Educational Q&A

The passage highlights that dharma is context-sensitive: customary funerary rites are not automatically applicable to everyone. For one established in renunciant discipline, a different standard is indicated, and the righteous king is guided to act without attachment and without grief, honoring the spiritual status of the departed.

Yudhiṣṭhira (Dharmarāja) prepares to perform Vidura’s cremation rites on the spot. Before he proceeds, a divine/disembodied voice intervenes, instructing him that cremation there is not appropriate for Vidura due to his observance of renunciation, and that Yudhiṣṭhira should refrain and not mourn, given Vidura’s higher destination.