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Shloka 18

Bhāgīrathī-tīra-śauca, Kurukṣetra-gamana, and Śatayūpa-āśrama-dīkṣā (गङ्गातीरशौच–कुरुक्षेत्रगमन–शतयूपाश्रमदीक्षा)

इत्येवं ब्रुवतस्तस्य जटी वीटामुख: कृश: । दिग्वासा मलदिग्धाड़री वनरेणुसमुक्षित:,राजा धृतराष्ट्र इस प्रकार कह ही रहे थे कि मुखमें पत्थरका टुकड़ा लिये जटाधारी कृशकाय विदुरजी दूरसे आते दिखायी दिये। वे दिगम्बर (वस्त्रहीन) थे। उनके सारे शरीरमें मैल जमी हुई थी। वे वनमें उड़ती हुई धूलोंसे नहा गये थे। राजा युधिष्ठिरको उनके आनेकी सूचना दी गयी। राजन्‌! विदुरजी उस आश्रमकी ओर देखकर सहसा पीछेकी ओर लौट पड़े

ity evaṁ bruvatas tasya jaṭī vīṭāmukhaḥ kṛśaḥ | digvāsā maladigdhāṅgo vanareṇusamukṣitaḥ |

Khi nhà vua còn đang nói như thế, từ xa hiện ra một ẩn sĩ gầy gò—tóc bện thành búi rối, miệng ngậm một khối như đá, trần truồng trước bốn phương, tay chân lấm bùn nhơ và phủ đầy bụi rừng. Tin ông đến được báo cho vua Yudhiṣṭhira. Nhưng Vidura, liếc nhìn về phía am thất, bỗng quay lưng và lặng lẽ rút lui—cử chỉ toát lên sự khắc kỷ của người đã đoạn tuyệt danh phận thế tục, tìm sự vững chãi nội tâm hơn là sự nhận biết của người đời.

इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
एवम्in this manner
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
ब्रुवतःof (him) speaking
ब्रुवतः:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू (धातु)
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
तस्यof him
तस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
जटीmatted-haired (ascetic)
जटी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजटिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वीटामुखःhaving a mouth with a lump/plug (in the mouth)
वीटामुखः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवीटामुख
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कृशःemaciated, thin
कृशः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकृश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दिग्वासाःsky-clad (naked)
दिग्वासाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदिग्वासस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मलदिग्धाङ्गःwhose limbs are smeared with dirt
मलदिग्धाङ्गः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमलदिग्धाङ्ग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वनरेणुसमुक्षितःcovered/sprinkled with forest-dust
वनरेणुसमुक्षितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवनरेणुसमुक्षित
Formक्त (past passive participle) from सम्+उक्ष्/उक्ष् (to sprinkle/wet), used adjectivally, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
V
Vidura
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
Ā
āśrama (hermitage)
F
forest dust (vanareṇu)
S
stone/clod in the mouth (vīṭā)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights vairāgya (detachment) expressed through austere discipline: Vidura’s outward abandonment of comfort and social markers, and his turning back from the hermitage, underscore restraint, non-attachment to honor or welcome, and a dharmic focus on inner realization rather than public recognition.

While Dhṛtarāṣṭra is speaking, Vidura appears from afar in a severe ascetic state—matted hair, emaciated, naked, dust-covered, with a lump/stone-like object in his mouth suggesting a vow of silence. Yudhiṣṭhira is informed, but Vidura, after looking toward the hermitage, abruptly turns back and withdraws.