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Shloka 17

प्रतिग्रहभेदः — The Distinction between Giving and Accepting

Vṛṣādarbhī–Saptarṣi Dialogue

अकृतं मुनिश्रि: पूर्व कि मयेदमनुछितम्‌ । कथं नु शापेन न मां दहेयुत्राह्मिणा इति

akṛtaṁ muniśriḥ pūrvaṁ kiṁ mayedam anucitam | kathaṁ nu śāpena na māṁ daheyur brāhmaṇā iti | aho! munibhir yaḥ kāryaḥ pūrvaṁ kadācid api na kṛtaḥ sa mayāiva kṛtaḥ | mama asya manomaya-vyavahārasya darśanāt brāhmaṇāḥ śāpena māṁ kuto na bhasma-kuryuḥ ||

Bhishma nói: “Sao ta lại làm điều bất xứng này—điều mà các bậc hiền triết chưa từng làm trước đây? Vì sao các vị Bà-la-môn không thiêu rụi ta bằng lời nguyền của họ? Than ôi, chỉ riêng ta đã làm điều mà các bậc tiên tri chưa từng thực hiện; thấy sự hành động tùy tiện, tự ý của ta như vậy, cớ sao các Bà-la-môn lại không biến ta thành tro bụi bằng lời nguyền rủa?”

अकृतम्undone; not done
अकृतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootकृत (कृ)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
मुनिभिःby sages
मुनिभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमुनि
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
पूर्वम्formerly; earlier
पूर्वम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपूर्व
किम्what?
किम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मयाby me
मया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Instrumental, Singular
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अनुचितम्improper; unbefitting
अनुचितम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअनुचित
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
नुindeed; then (interrogative particle)
नु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनु
शापेनby a curse
शापेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशाप
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
माम्me
माम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Accusative, Singular
दहेयुःshould burn
दहेयुः:
TypeVerb
Rootदह्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
ब्राह्मणाःBrahmins
ब्राह्मणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
इतिthus (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
M
munis (sages)
B
brahmins

Educational Q&A

Even a powerful person must remain within dharma and social-ethical propriety (aucitya). When one knowingly performs an improper, unprecedented act, remorse and fear of moral consequence naturally arise; the verse underscores accountability before the spiritual-ethical authority represented by sages and brahmins.

Bhishma reflects with self-reproach on having committed an improper deed—one that even sages had not done. He wonders why the brahmins have not cursed him to ashes, expressing anxiety about the spiritual and ethical repercussions of his willful conduct.