Shloka 52

Pitṛ-śrāddha-haviḥ-phala-nirdeśa

Offerings for Ancestors and Their Stated Results

Devanagari script

इमान्‌ देवगणांस्तात प्रजापतिगणांस्तथा । ऋषींश्वापि महाभाग परित्रायस्व पावक,तात! महाभाग पावक! इन देवताओं, प्रजापतियों तथा ऋषियोंकी भी रक्षा करो

Transliteration

imān devagaṇāṁs tāta prajāpati-gaṇāṁs tathā | ṛṣīṁś cāpi mahābhāga paritrāyasva pāvaka ||

Translation

Bhīṣma nói: “Hỡi người thân yêu! Hỡi Pāvaka (Thần Lửa) hiển hách! Xin hãy che chở các đoàn chư thiên này, các hội chúng Prajāpati, và cả các bậc hiền thánh ṛṣi nữa.”

Word by Word

• इमान्: these
• इमान्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• देवगणान्: groups of gods
• देवगणान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: देवगण
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• तात: dear one / son (vocative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तात
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• प्रजापतिगणान्: groups of Prajapatis
• प्रजापतिगणान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रजापतिगण
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• तथा: and also / likewise
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• ऋषीन्: sages
• ऋषीन्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋषि
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• अपि: also / even
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• महाभाग: O greatly fortunate one
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महाभाग
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• परित्रायस्व: protect (them)
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि-त्रा
• Form: Imperative, Second, Singular, Atmanepada

• पावक: O Pavaka (Fire)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पावक
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• तात: O dear one
• Type: Noun
• Root: तात
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• Pāvaka (Agni/Fire)
• Devagaṇa (gods)
• Prajāpati-gaṇa (Prajāpatis)
• Ṛṣi (seers/sages)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Dharma includes safeguarding the foundations of order and wisdom: the devas (cosmic governance), Prajāpatis (procreative/creative continuity), and ṛṣis (spiritual insight). Even a powerful force like Fire is invoked to serve preservation, not harm.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhīṣma addresses Pāvaka (Agni) directly, requesting him to protect groups of divine and sacred beings—gods, Prajāpatis, and sages—indicating a moment where Fire’s agency is being directed toward rescue and preservation.