Shloka 63

अभुकक्‍त्वातिथये चाजन्न॑ प्रयच्छेद्‌ य: समाहित: । स वैब्रद्याविदां लोकान्‌ प्राप्तुयाद्‌ भरतर्षभ

abhuktvātithaye cājñān prayacched yaḥ samāhitaḥ | sa vai brahmavidāṁ lokān prāpnuyād bharatarṣabha ||

Bhishma nói: Hỡi bậc trượng phu trong dòng Bharata, người nào tâm ý thu nhiếp, chuyên nhất, dù chính mình còn đói vẫn đem thực phẩm bố thí cho vị khách (atithi), thì người ấy sẽ đến các cõi của những bậc tri Brahman. Bài kệ tán dương lòng hiếu khách tự khắc kỷ như một hình thái dharma cao quý, nơi người ta tự nguyện chịu phần thiếu thốn để trọn đạo với atithi.

अभुक्त्वाhaving not eaten
अभुक्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootभुज्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि, having not eaten
अतिथयेto a guest
अतिथये:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootअतिथि
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अन्नम्food
अन्नम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअन्न
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रयच्छेत्should give
प्रयच्छेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + यम्
Formविधिलिङ्, optative, 3rd, Singular, परस्मैपद
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
समाहितःcollected in mind, attentive
समाहितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसम् + आ + धा
Formक्त (past passive participle used adjectivally), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
ब्रह्मविदाम्of the knowers of Brahman
ब्रह्मविदाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मविद्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
लोकान्worlds/realms
लोकान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
प्राप्नुयात्would attain
प्राप्नुयात्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + आप्
Formविधिलिङ्, optative, 3rd, Singular, परस्मैपद
भरतर्षभO bull among the Bharatas
भरतर्षभ:
TypeNoun
Rootभरत + ऋषभ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira (implied by 'bharatarṣabha/bharataśreṣṭha')
A
atithi (guest)
B
brahmavidaḥ (knowers of Brahman)
L
lokāḥ (realms/worlds)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that true hospitality and charity are proven by sacrifice: giving food to a guest even when one is hungry oneself, done with a steady and sincere mind, leads to exalted spiritual merit—symbolized as reaching the realms of Brahman-knowers.

In the Anushasana Parva, Bhishma instructs Yudhisthira on dharma. Here he highlights atithi-sevā (service to guests) and dāna as a superior ethical practice, promising a lofty posthumous destination for one who prioritizes the guest over personal comfort.