Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 49

Nṛga-upākhyāna: Brāhmaṇa-sva and the Consequence of Misappropriated Gift-Cattle (कृकलास-रूपे नृगोपाख्यानम्)

प्राणा वै प्राणिनामेते प्रोच्यन्ते भरतर्षभ । तस्माद्‌ ददाति यो थेनुं प्राणानेष प्रयच्छति

prāṇā vai prāṇinām ete procyante bharatarṣabha | tasmād dadāti yo dhenuṁ prāṇān eṣa prayacchati ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Hỡi bậc tráng sĩ của dòng Bharata, những con bò này được gọi là chính ‘hơi thở sinh mệnh’ của muôn loài, vì chúng nuôi dưỡng kẻ khác mà duy trì sự sống. Bởi vậy, ai bố thí một con bò đang cho sữa thì, xét cho cùng, là dâng tặng chính món quà của sự sống.”

प्राणाःvital breaths, lives
प्राणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्राण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
प्राणिनाम्of living beings
प्राणिनाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootप्राणिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
एतेthese
एते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
प्रोच्यन्तेare called, are said
प्रोच्यन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + वच्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Passive
भरतर्षभO bull among the Bharatas
भरतर्षभ:
TypeNoun
Rootभरत-ऋषभ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
तस्मात्therefore, from that reason
तस्मात्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतस्मात् (तद्)
ददातिgives
ददाति:
TypeVerb
Rootदा
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Active
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धेनुम्a milch-cow
धेनुम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधेनु
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
प्राणान्lives, vital breaths
प्राणान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्राण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
एषःthis (person)
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रयच्छतिbestows, grants
प्रयच्छति:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + यम्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Active
भरतश्रेष्ठO best of the Bharatas
भरतश्रेष्ठ:
TypeNoun
Rootभरत-श्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
B
Bharatarṣabha (address to Yudhiṣṭhira)
D
dhenu (milch cow)
P
prāṇa (life-breath)

Educational Q&A

That giving a milch cow is ethically equivalent to giving life itself, because cows sustain and preserve the lives of others through nourishment; thus go-dāna is praised as a supreme form of dāna.

In the Anuśāsana Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma and the fruits of various gifts. Here he emphasizes the exceptional merit of donating a milk-giving cow by equating it with prāṇa-dāna (the gift of life).