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Shloka 47

Nṛga-upākhyāna: Brāhmaṇa-sva and the Consequence of Misappropriated Gift-Cattle (कृकलास-रूपे नृगोपाख्यानम्)

अग्नीनामव्ययं होतद्धौम्यं वेदविदो विदु: । तस्माद्‌ ददाति यो थेनुं स हौम्यं सम्प्रयच्छति

agnīnām avyayaṃ hotad dhaumyaṃ vedavido viduḥ | tasmād dadāti yo dhenuṃ sa haumyaṃ samprayacchati ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Những bậc thông hiểu Veda biết rằng lễ vật gọi là ‘haumya’—vật cúng dâng vào các ngọn lửa thiêng—mang lại quả báo bất hoại. Vì vậy, ai bố thí một con bò đang cho sữa thì, xét cho cùng, chính là ban tặng chất liệu của lễ vật tế tự, nâng đỡ các nghi lễ thánh thiện và tích lũy công đức bền lâu.”

अग्नीनाम्of the fires
अग्नीनाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
अव्ययम्imperishable (result/fruit)
अव्ययम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअव्यय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
होतत्offers (as oblation)
होतत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootहु (धातु)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
हौम्यम्that which is fit for offering (havis/oblation)
हौम्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहौम्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वेदविदःknowers of the Veda
वेदविदः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवेदविद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
विदुःknow
विदुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootविद् (धातु)
FormPerfect, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
तस्मात्therefore/from that reason
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
ददातिgives
ददाति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootदा (धातु)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धेनुम्a milch-cow
धेनुम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधेनु
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हौम्यम्oblation-material (havis)
हौम्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहौम्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सम्प्रयच्छतिhands over / bestows fully
सम्प्रयच्छति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + यम् (धातु)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
A
Agni (sacred fires)
D
Dhenu (milch-cow)
H
Homa/Haumya (sacrificial oblation)

Educational Q&A

Giving a milch-cow is ethically praised because it sustains sacrificial life: milk becomes havis for homa, and offerings into the sacred fire are said to yield imperishable merit. Thus cow-gift is treated as a direct support of yajña and a source of lasting spiritual fruit.

In Bhishma’s instruction on dharma and gifts (dāna) in the Anushasana Parva, he explains—citing the understanding of Veda-knowers—that oblations into the sacred fires bring enduring results, and he links this to the practical act of donating a cow, since it provides the very material used for such offerings.