Shloka 23

Tilā-Dāna, Dīpa-Dāna, and Nitya-Jalapradāna

Yama–Brāhmaṇa Saṃvāda) | तिलदान-दीपदान-नित्यजलप्रदान (यम-ब्राह्मण संवाद

Devanagari script

कालशाकं तु विप्रे भ्यो दत्त्वा मर्त्य: समूलकम्‌ | ज्येष्ठायामृद्धिमिष्टां वै गतिमिष्टां स गच्छति

Transliteration

kālaśākaṃ tu viprebhyo dattvā martyaḥ samūlakam | jyeṣṭhāyām ṛddhim iṣṭāṃ vai gatim iṣṭāṃ sa gacchati ||

Translation

Nārada nói: “Phàm nhân nào, vào dịp sao Jyeṣṭhā, đem bố thí cho các Bà-la-môn thứ rau lá đúng mùa (kālaśāka) cùng cả rễ của nó, người ấy đạt được sự thịnh vượng như ý và cũng đạt được con đường cát tường mà mình cầu mong.”

Word by Word

• कालशाकम्: seasonal greens (lit. time-appropriate vegetable)
• कालशाकम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कालशाक
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• तु: but/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• विप्रेभ्यः: to the Brahmins
• विप्रेभ्यः: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: विप्र
• Form: Masculine, Dative, Plural

• दत्त्वा: having given
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)

• मर्त्यः: a mortal/man
• मर्त्यः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: मर्त्य
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• समूलकम्: with roots (i.e., along with radish/root-vegetable)
• समूलकम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समूलक
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• ज्येष्ठायाम्: in (the) Jyeṣṭhā (nakṣatra)
• ज्येष्ठायाम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्येष्ठा
• Form: Feminine, Locative, Singular

• ऋद्धिम्: prosperity
• ऋद्धिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋद्धि
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• इष्टाम्: desired
• Type: Adjective
• Root: इष्ट
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle used adjectivally)

• वै: indeed/certainly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै

• गतिम्: course/destination (here: good state/afterlife)
• गतिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गति
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• इष्टाम्: desired
• Type: Adjective
• Root: इष्ट
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle used adjectivally)

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• गच्छति: goes/attains
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम्
• Form: Present, Indicative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

नारद उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Nārada
• vipra (Brahmins)
• Jyeṣṭhā (nakṣatra)
• kālaśāka (seasonal greens)
• mūla (root)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even modest gifts, when offered with proper timing and to worthy recipients, become powerful acts of dharma that yield both desired prosperity (ṛddhi) and a favorable spiritual destiny (gati).

What is happening in the narrative?

Nārada is describing a specific meritorious observance: donating seasonally appropriate greens along with their roots to Brahmins during the Jyeṣṭhā nakṣatra, and he states the beneficial results of that act.