Shloka 77
दानफलप्रकरणम् — उपानहदानं, तिलदानं, भूमिदानं, गोदानं, अन्नदानं च
Gifts and Their Stated Results: Footwear, Sesame, Land, Cows, and Food
Devanagari script
ब्राह्मणेष्वनृणी भूत: पार्थिव: स्यात् पुरंदर | इतरेषां तु वर्णानां तारयेत् कृशदुर्बलान्
Translation
Bhīṣma nói: Hỡi Purandara, bậc quân vương phải “không mắc nợ” đối với các Bà-la-môn, nghĩa là phụng sự và làm họ được thỏa lòng; và đối với các đẳng cấp khác, cũng phải cứu vớt những kẻ nghèo khổ, yếu đuối khỏi tai ương.
Word by Word
ब्राह्मणेषुamong/with respect to Brahmins
ब्राह्मणेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
अनृणीfree from debt/obligation
अनृणी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअनृणिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भूतःhaving become
भूतः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootभू
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
पार्थिवःthe king
पार्थिवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थिव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्यात्should be
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormVidhi-lin (optative), Present (modal), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
पुरंदरO Purandara (Indra)
पुरंदर:
TypeNoun
Rootपुरंदर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
इतरेषाम्of the others
इतरेषाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootइतर
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
तुbut/and
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
वर्णानाम्of the social classes
वर्णानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ण
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
तारयेत्should rescue/save
तारयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootतॄ
FormVidhi-lin (optative), Present (modal), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
कृशदुर्बलान्the emaciated and weak (the poor/helpless)
कृशदुर्बलान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootकृश-दुर्बल
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पुरंदरO Purandara
पुरंदर:
TypeNoun
Rootपुरंदर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes