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Shloka 30

Adhyāya 57: Tapas–Dāna Phala

On the Fruits of Austerity and Giving

'ये इच्छा करते ही अपनी तपस्याकी शक्तिसे दूसरे लोकोंकी सृष्टि कर सकते हैं। इस पृथ्वीपर ब्राह्मण ही पवित्रवाक्‌, पवित्रबुद्धि और पवित्र कर्मवाले होते हैं ।।

bhīṣma uvāca | ye icchāṃ kṛtvā svatapasā śaktayā dvitīyān lokān sraṣṭuṃ śaknuvanti | iha pṛthivyāṃ brāhmaṇā eva pavitravāk pavitrabuddhayaḥ pavitrakarmāṇaś ca bhavanti || utsahed iha kṛtvaiva ko 'nyo vai cyavanād ṛte | brāhmaṇyaṃ durlabhaṃ loke rājyaṃ hi sulabhaṃ naraiḥ ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Những bậc chỉ cần một quyết tâm mà bằng sức mạnh khổ hạnh vẫn có thể sinh ra các thế giới khác—chính là như vậy. Trên cõi đất này, chỉ các Bà-la-môn mới được nhận biết bởi lời nói thanh tịnh, trí hiểu thanh tịnh và hạnh nghiệp thanh tịnh. Ở đây, ngoài đại hiền Cyavana, còn ai có thể làm nên việc lớn lao đến thế? Bởi giữa loài người, ngôi vương có thể dễ đạt, nhưng Bà-la-môn tính chân chính—sự ưu việt đạo đức và tâm linh—thì vô cùng hiếm có trong đời.”

उत्सहेत्could/should be able (to dare)
उत्सहेत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootउत्सह् (धातु)
FormVidhi-lin (optative), 3, singular, parasmaipada
इहhere, in this world
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
कृत्वाhaving done
कृत्वा:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formktvā (absolutive/gerund), parasmaipada (sense)
एवindeed, just, only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
कःwho?
कः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
अन्यःother
अन्यः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
च्यवनात्from (the sage) Cyavana
च्यवनात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootच्यवन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, ablative, singular
ऋतेexcept, without
ऋते:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootऋते
Formablative
ब्राह्मण्यम्true brahminhood
ब्राह्मण्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formneuter, nominative, singular
दुर्लभम्hard to obtain, rare
दुर्लभम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर्लभ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formneuter, nominative, singular
लोकेin the world
लोके:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootलोक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, locative, singular
राज्यम्kingship, kingdom
राज्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराज्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formneuter, nominative, singular
हिindeed, for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
सुलभम्easy to obtain
सुलभम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसुलभ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formneuter, nominative, singular
नरैःby men, for men
नरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootनर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, instrumental, plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
M
Maharshi Cyavana
B
Brahmins
E
Earth (Pṛthivī)
O
Other worlds (lokas)
K
Kingship (rājya)

Educational Q&A

Bhishma contrasts external power and status with inner qualification: sovereignty may be attainable, but authentic brāhmaṇya—purity in speech, thought, and action grounded in tapas and restraint—is rare and therefore more valuable.

In Bhishma’s instruction on dharma, he praises the extraordinary potency of ascetic discipline and cites the sage Cyavana as an exemplar of such capability, using this to emphasize the exceptional rarity of true Brahminhood compared to worldly rulership.