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Shloka 9

Cyavana’s Water-Vow and the Ethics of Cohabitation (स्नेह-सम्वास-धर्मः)

शूद्रां शयनमारोप्य ब्राह्मणो यात्यधोगतिम्‌ । प्रायश्षित्तीयते चापि विधिदृष्टेन कर्मणा

śūdrāṁ śayanam āropya brāhmaṇo yāty adhogatim | prāyaścittīyate cāpi vidhidṛṣṭena karmaṇā ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Nếu một brāhmaṇa đặt một người nữ Śūdra lên giường mình (tức phạm vào sự giao hợp bị cấm), người ấy sẽ sa xuống cảnh giới thấp. Tuy vậy, người ấy vẫn có thể được thanh tịnh nhờ sám hối—thực hành nghi thức chuộc tội theo đúng phép tắc đã định.”

शूद्राम्a Shudra woman
शूद्राम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशूद्रा (शूद्र-स्त्री)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
शयनम्bed; sleeping-place
शयनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशयन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आरोप्यhaving placed/caused to mount
आरोप्य:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-रुह्
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वा/ल्यप्), Parasmaipada (usage)
ब्राह्मणःa Brahmin
ब्राह्मणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यातिgoes; attains
याति:
TypeVerb
Rootया
FormPresent, Indicative, Parasmaipada, 3rd, Singular
अधोगतिम्a downward/low state (hellish fall)
अधोगतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअधोगति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
प्रायश्चित्तीयतेis atoned for; expiation is performed
प्रायश्चित्तीयते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रायश्चित्तीय (नामधातु from प्रायश्चित्त)
FormPresent, Indicative, Atmanepada (passive/impersonal usage), 3rd, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso; even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
विधिदृष्टेनby (a rite) prescribed/seen in rule
विधिदृष्टेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootविधिदृष्ट
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
कर्मणाby an act/rite
कर्मणा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
B
brāhmaṇa
Ś
śūdra (woman)

Educational Q&A

The verse states that violating prescribed sexual boundaries (a brāhmaṇa taking a śūdra woman to bed) is a serious dharmic transgression leading to moral/spiritual decline, but it also affirms the dharma-śāstric principle that such faults can be addressed through properly prescribed prāyaścitta (expiatory rites).

In Anuśāsana Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma, including social and ritual norms. Here he gives a rule-and-remedy formulation: he names a prohibited act and then notes that purification is possible through the expiation laid down by scriptural injunction.