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Shloka 45

Cyavana’s Water-Vow and the Ethics of Cohabitation (स्नेह-सम्वास-धर्मः)

भूयान्‌ स्यात्‌ क्षत्रियापुत्रो वैश्यापुत्रान्न संशय: । भूयस्तेनापि हर्तव्यं पितृवित्ताद्‌ युधिष्ठिर

bhūyān syāt kṣatriyāputro vaiśyāputrān na saṁśayaḥ | bhūyas tenāpi hartavyaṁ pitṛvittād yudhiṣṭhira ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Con trai của một Kṣatriya quả thật cao hơn con trai của một Vaiśya—điều ấy không nghi ngờ. Vì vậy, hỡi Yudhiṣṭhira, người ấy cũng nên nhận phần lớn hơn từ phần gia sản tổ tiên còn lại.”

भूयान्greater/superior
भूयान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootभूयस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्यात्would be / should be
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular
क्षत्रियof a Kshatriya
क्षत्रिय:
TypeNoun (used as first member)
Rootक्षत्रिय
FormMasculine, Stem (in compound), —
पुत्रःson
पुत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वैश्यof a Vaishya
वैश्य:
TypeNoun (used as first member)
Rootवैश्य
FormMasculine, Stem (in compound), —
पुत्रात्than (from) the son
पुत्रात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
संशयःdoubt
संशयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंशय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भूयःmore; further; again
भूयः:
TypeIndeclinable (adverbial)
Rootभूयस्
तेनby that; therefore
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
अपिalso; even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
हर्तव्यम्is to be taken/appropriated (should be taken)
हर्तव्यम्:
TypeVerbal adjective (gerundive)
Rootहृ
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
पितृof the father/ancestral
पितृ:
TypeNoun (used as first member)
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Stem (in compound), —
वित्तात्from the wealth
वित्तात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootवित्त
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
युधिष्ठिरO Yudhishthira
युधिष्ठिर:
TypeNoun (proper name)
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
K
Kṣatriya
V
Vaiśya
P
pitṛvitta (ancestral wealth)

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma frames inheritance and entitlement through the lens of varṇa-based hierarchy, asserting that a Kṣatriya son has a stronger claim than a Vaiśya son and therefore should receive a larger portion of ancestral property.

In his instruction to Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma and social/legal norms, Bhīṣma discusses how shares of paternal wealth should be apportioned, here emphasizing preferential allotment to a Kṣatriya son over a Vaiśya son.