Shloka 6

अभिप्रेता च या यस्य तस्मै देया युधिष्ठिर । गान्धर्वमिति तं॑ धर्म प्राहुरवेदविदो जना:

abhipretā ca yā yasya tasmai deyā yudhiṣṭhira | gāndharvam iti taṁ dharmaṁ prāhur avedavido janāḥ ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Hỡi Yudhiṣṭhira, người nữ được một người nam chọn và cũng tự mình chọn người ấy—đôi bên cùng ưng thuận—thì nên gả cho người nam đó. Các bậc học giả, những người thông Veda, gọi hình thức hôn phối ấy là ‘Gāndharva’, đặt nền trên sự đồng thuận và lựa chọn cá nhân.”

अभिप्रेताdesired, approved (by him)
अभिप्रेता:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअभिप्रेत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √इ + अभि-प्र- उपसर्ग, क्त)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
याwho/which (woman)
या:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
यस्यof whom
यस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
तस्मैto him
तस्मै:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Dative, Singular
देयाto be given; should be given
देया:
TypeAdjective
Rootदेय (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √दा, यत्/अनीयर्-अर्थे)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
युधिष्ठिरO Yudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिर:
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
गान्धर्वम्Gāndharva (form of marriage)
गान्धर्वम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगान्धर्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
इतिthus; as
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
तम्that (one)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
धर्मम्practice; rule; dharma
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्राहुःthey call; they have said
प्राहुः:
TypeVerb
Root√अह् (ब्रू-अर्थे; परस्मैपदम्)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd, Plural
अवेदविदःthose who know the Veda(s)
अवेदविदः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअवेदविद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
जनाःpeople
जनाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
G
Gāndharva (marriage form)
V
Veda

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma defines the Gāndharva form of marriage as one based on mutual desire and consent: when a woman and a man choose each other, she should be given to him, and this is affirmed as dharma by Veda-knowers.

In Bhīṣma’s instruction to Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma and social duties, he is classifying and explaining marriage norms, here identifying the consent-based union as the Gāndharva mode and grounding it in authoritative tradition.