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Shloka 2

Śulka, Kanyā, and Dauhitra-Riktha: Discourse on Bride-Price and Inheritance Rights (शुल्क-कन्या-दौहित्र-रिक्थविचारः)

स तेन कर्मणा स्पर्थन्‌ पृथिवीं पृथिवीपते । चचार गतभी: प्रीतो लब्धकीर्तिवरो नृप

sa tena karmaṇā spardhan pṛthivīṁ pṛthivīpate | cacāra gatabhīḥ prīto labdhakīrtivaro nṛpa ||

Bhishma nói: “Tâu chúa tể của cõi đất, do việc ấy, Vipula nảy sinh kiêu hãnh trong lòng và bắt đầu ganh đua với người khác. Tâu Đại vương, vì đã nhận được cả danh tiếng lẫn ân huệ từ thầy, nên ông ta thong dong khắp mặt đất, không sợ hãi và đầy thỏa mãn.”

सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तेनby that
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
कर्मणाby (his) deed/act
कर्मणा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
स्पर्धन्competing, vying
स्पर्धन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootस्पर्ध्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
पृथिवीम्the earth
पृथिवीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
पृथिवीपतेO lord of the earth (king)
पृथिवीपते:
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवीपति
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
चचारwandered, roamed
चचार:
TypeVerb
Rootचर्
FormPerfect (लिट्), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
गतभीःfearless (lit. whose fear has gone)
गतभीः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootगतभी
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रीतःpleased, content
प्रीतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रीत
Formक्त (past passive participle used adjectivally), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
लब्धकीर्तिवरःhaving obtained fame and a boon
लब्धकीर्तिवरः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootलब्धकीर्तिवर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नृपO king
नृप:
TypeNoun
Rootनृप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
T
the king addressed as Pṛthivīpati/Nṛpa (Yudhiṣṭhira in context)
T
the unnamed person being described (saḥ)
G
guru (teacher, implied)
P
Pṛthivī (the earth)

Educational Q&A

Merit and recognition can breed inner pride and rivalry; ethical vigilance is needed so that fame and boons gained through discipline do not turn into competitive arrogance.

Bhishma describes a person who, after accomplishing a significant act (likely austerity) and receiving fame and a boon from his teacher, becomes self-satisfied and fearless, and begins to roam the earth while developing a competitive attitude toward others.