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Shloka 12

Vipula’s Guru-Obedience, Divine Flowers, and the Peril of Others’ Oaths (विपुलोपाख्यानम्—पुष्पप्राप्तिः शपथ-प्रसङ्गश्च)

इमा: प्रजा महाबाहो धार्मिक्य इति न: श्रुतम्‌

Yudhiṣṭhira uvāca: imāḥ prajā mahābāho dhārmikyā iti naḥ śrutam; tathāpi striyaḥ satkṛtā apy asatkṛtā vā sadāiva puruṣāṇāṃ manasi vikāraṃ janayanti. tāsāṃ rakṣāṃ kaḥ kartum arhati? eṣa me mahān saṃśayaḥ.

Yudhiṣṭhira nói: “Hỡi bậc dũng tay, chúng ta từng nghe rằng những hữu thể này—phụ nữ—vốn có lòng hướng về dharma; điều ấy đã hiển lộ qua đời sống của Sāvitrī và những người khác. Thế nhưng, dù được tôn kính hay bị khinh rẻ, họ vẫn luôn khuấy động sự rối loạn trong tâm trí đàn ông. Vậy ai mới thật sự có thể bảo hộ họ? Đó là mối nghi lớn làm lòng ta day dứt.”

imāḥthese
imāḥ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootidam
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
prajāḥcreatures/people (subjects)
prajāḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootprajā
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
mahābāhoO mighty-armed one
mahābāho:
TypeNoun
Rootmahābāhu
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
dhārmikyaḥrighteous/virtuous
dhārmikyaḥ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootdhārmikya
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
itithus/so (quotative)
iti:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti
naḥof us/our
naḥ:
TypePronoun
Rootasmad
FormGenitive, Plural
śrutamheard (has been heard)
śrutam:
TypeVerb
Root√śru
Formkta (past passive participle), Neuter, Nominative, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
S
Sāvitrī
W
women (striyaḥ)
M
men (puruṣāḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames an ethical dilemma: even when women are regarded as dharmic, social honor alone does not prevent moral agitation in men; therefore the deeper issue is self-restraint and responsible conduct, alongside just social protection.

Yudhiṣṭhira, in a didactic dialogue of the Anuśāsana Parva, raises a doubt to his interlocutor (addressed as “mahābāho”): how to reconcile the traditional praise of women’s dharma (with Sāvitrī as an exemplar) with the observed fact that men’s minds are easily disturbed, and who can truly ensure women’s protection.