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Shloka 17

Adhyāya 39 — Yudhiṣṭhira’s inquiry on attachment (saṅga) and relational restraint

अभिमान: श्रियं हन्ति पुरुषस्याल्पमेधस: । गर्भेण दुष्यते कन्या गृहवासेन च द्विज:,मन्दबुद्धि पुरुषके भीतर जो अभिमान होता है वह उसकी लक्ष्मीका नाश करता है। गर्भ धारण करनेसे कन्या दूषित हो जाती है और सदा घरमें रहनेसे ब्राह्मण दूषित समझे जाते हैं

abhimānaḥ śriyaṃ hanti puruṣasyālpamedhasaḥ | garbheṇa duṣyate kanyā gṛhavāsena ca dvijaḥ ||

Soma nói: “Kiêu mạn phá hủy phú quý của kẻ ít trí. Một thiếu nữ bị xem là vấy bẩn bởi việc mang thai, và một Bà-la-môn bị xem là vấy bẩn bởi việc cứ ở mãi trong nhà.” Bài kệ cảnh tỉnh rằng sự ngạo mạn bên trong bào mòn vận may và danh dự; và dùng những ví dụ xã hội quen nhận về “ô uế” để nhấn mạnh sự tiết chế, cảnh giác và nếp sống kỷ luật.

अभिमानःpride, arrogance
अभिमानः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअभिमान
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
श्रियम्prosperity, fortune
श्रियम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootश्री
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
हन्तिdestroys
हन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
पुरुषस्यof a man
पुरुषस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
अल्पमेधसःof little intelligence
अल्पमेधसः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअल्पमेधस्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
गर्भेणby pregnancy, by conception
गर्भेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootगर्भ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
दुष्यतेis tainted, becomes impure
दुष्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootदुष्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada, Passive/Medial (intransitive sense)
कन्याmaiden, girl
कन्या:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकन्या
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
गृहवासेनby dwelling at home
गृहवासेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootगृहवास
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
द्विजःtwice-born (brahmin)
द्विजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

सोम उवाच

S
Soma
P
puruṣa (a man/person)
K
kanyā (maiden)
D
dvija (twice-born/Brahmin)

Educational Q&A

Pride (abhimāna) undermines a person’s prosperity and standing; therefore one should cultivate humility and disciplined conduct. The verse reinforces this by citing culturally recognized cases of ‘taint’ to emphasize how certain actions or states can damage reputation and dharmic credibility.

In Anuśāsana Parva’s instruction-oriented discourse, Soma speaks a didactic maxim. He warns about the ethical danger of arrogance and illustrates the idea of moral/social ‘defilement’ through examples involving a maiden’s pregnancy and a Brahmin’s constant home-staying, urging vigilance in personal conduct.