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Shloka 43

तीर्थवंशोपदेशः

Tīrtha-vaṃśa Upadeśa: Instruction on the Fruits of Sacred Waters

तथा राजन्यवैश्याभ्यां यद्यश्नरीयात्तु केतित: । यवीयान्‌ पशुहिंसायां भागार्ध समवाप्लुयात्‌

tathā rājanya-vaiśyābhyāṁ yady aśnīyāt tu ketitaḥ | yavīyān paśu-hiṁsāyāṁ bhāgārdhaṁ samavāpnuyāt ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Tâu Đại vương, nếu một người đã được một kṣatriya hay vaiśya chính thức mời trước rồi, mà lại đi nơi khác ăn thay, thì người ấy bị xem là đáng trách và phải gánh một phần—một nửa—tội lỗi liên hệ đến sự sát hại loài vật (cho bữa ăn ấy).”

तथाthus, likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
राजन्यby a Kshatriya (royal-class person)
राजन्य:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्य
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
वैश्याभ्याम्by two Vaishyas / by Vaishyas (dual form)
वैश्याभ्याम्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवैश्य
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Dual
यत्which (thing)
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अश्नरीयात्should eat
अश्नरीयात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअश्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तुbut, indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
केतितःhaving been invited / invited
केतितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकेतित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यवीयान्the younger (one)
यवीयान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootयवीयस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पशुहिंसायाम्in animal-slaughter / in violence to animals
पशुहिंसायाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपशुहिंसा
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
भागार्धम्half a share
भागार्धम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभागार्ध
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
समवाप्नुयात्should obtain / would incur
समवाप्नुयात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअवाप् (सम्+अव+आप्)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
K
King (Yudhishthira implied)
K
Kshatriya (rājanya)
V
Vaishya (vaiśya)

Educational Q&A

One should honor a prior invitation, especially in a context where food preparation may involve animal slaughter; by eating elsewhere after accepting an invitation, one becomes morally complicit and is said to incur half the demerit associated with the animal-violence enabled by that arrangement.

In Bhishma’s instruction to the king on dharma and conduct, he explains a rule of ethical responsibility: when a Kshatriya or Vaishya has already invited someone for a meal, the invitee should not disregard it and dine elsewhere, because such disregard carries social blame and karmic consequence tied to the meal’s violence.