Shloka 11
Devanagari script
भीष्म उवाच ईहमान: समारम्भान् यदि नासादयेद् धनम् । उग्र॑ तप: समारोहेन्न हानुप्तं प्ररोहति
Translation
Bhīṣma nói: “Này con! Nếu con người đã nỗ lực đủ cách, khởi sự bao việc mà vẫn không đạt được của cải, thì nên thực hành khổ hạnh nghiêm khắc; bởi không gieo hạt thì chẳng thể có mầm non mọc lên.”
Word by Word
भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
ईहमानःstriving, making effort
ईहमानः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootईह्
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
समारम्भान्undertakings, enterprises
समारम्भान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसमारम्भ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
आसादयेत्should obtain, should reach
आसादयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootआ + सद्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
धनम्wealth
धनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
उग्रम्severe, intense
उग्रम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootउग्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तपःausterity, penance
तपः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
समारोहेत्should undertake, should ascend to (i.e., take up)
समारोहेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + आ + रुह्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
अनुप्तम्unsown
अनुप्तम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअनुप्त
FormPast passive participle (क्त) with privative prefix an-, Neuter, Nominative, Singular
प्ररोहतिsprouts, grows
प्ररोहति:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + रुह्
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes