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Shloka 19

भीष्म उवाच धर्मस्य द्वियमाणस्य बलवद्/िद्दुरात्मभि: । यद्येवं मन्यसे राजंस्त्रिधा धर्मविचारणा

bhīṣma uvāca | dharmasya dvyamāṇasya balavad durātmabhiḥ | yady evaṃ manyase rājan tridhā dharmavicāraṇā ||

Bhishma nói: “Hỡi Đại vương, nếu ngài cho rằng dharma—khi bị những kẻ ác mạnh thế công kích và làm suy giảm—liền bị chia tách, và vì thế việc khảo sát dharma trở thành ba phần, thì quan niệm ấy không đúng. Thật ra dharma chỉ là một; chỉ là nó được xét soi theo ba cách—được thẩm tra qua ba chuẩn cứ.”

भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
धर्मस्यof dharma
धर्मस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
द्वियमाणस्यbeing harmed/being oppressed
द्वियमाणस्य:
TypeAdjective
Rootद्वि-यम् (द्वियमाण)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular, शानच् (present passive participle sense)
बलवत्strongly, powerfully
बलवत्:
TypeAdjective
Rootबलवत्
FormNeuter (adverbial use), Accusative, Singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
दुरात्मभिःby evil-minded (persons)
दुरात्मभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदुरात्मन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
एवम्thus
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
मन्यसेyou think/consider
मन्यसे:
TypeVerb
Rootमन्
FormPresent, 2nd, Singular, Atmanepada
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
त्रिधाin three ways
त्रिधा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootत्रिधा
धर्मविचारणाexamination/inquiry of dharma
धर्मविचारणा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म-विचारणा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
R
rājan (the King—Yudhiṣṭhira in context)

Educational Q&A

Bhishma insists that dharma is fundamentally one, even when it appears harmed or confused by the actions of powerful wrongdoers; the ‘threefold’ aspect belongs to the methods of examining dharma, not to dharma itself being three different things.

In his instruction to the king (Yudhiṣṭhira), Bhishma corrects a misunderstanding: the king seems to treat dharma as split or multiple due to conflicting situations, and Bhishma clarifies that only the inquiry is threefold—dharma itself remains a single principle.