Shloka 15

Devanagari script

इत्युक्तस्त्वर्जुनस्तूष्णीम भूद्‌ वायुस्ततो5ब्रवीत्‌ । शृणु राजन्‌ महत्कर्म च्यवनस्य महात्मन:

Transliteration

ity uktas tv arjunas tūṣṇīm abhūd vāyus tato 'bravīt | śṛṇu rājan mahat karma cyavanasya mahātmanaḥ ||

Translation

Nghe nói vậy, Arjuna vẫn lặng thinh. Khi ấy Thần Gió lại cất lời: “Hỡi Đại vương, nay hãy lắng nghe đại công hạnh và uy đức cao cả của bậc thánh hiền Cyavana.”

Word by Word

• इति: thus
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति

• उक्तः: having been spoken to / addressed
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तु: but
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• अर्जुनः: Arjuna
• अर्जुनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्जुन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तूष्णीम्: silently
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तूष्णीम्

• अभूत्: became / remained
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू
• Form: Aorist (लुङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• वायुः: Vayu (the Wind-god)
• वायुः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वायु
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• ततः: then / thereafter
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः

• अब्रवीत्: said / spoke
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• शृणु: hear / listen
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु
• Form: Imperative (लोट्), 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• राजन्: O king
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• महत्: great
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• कर्म: deed / act
• कर्म: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• च्यवनस्य: of Cyavana
• च्यवनस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: च्यवन
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• महात्मनः: of the great-souled (sage)
• महात्मनः: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: महात्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Arjuna
• Vayu (Wind-god)
• Cyavana
• King (rājan)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The passage highlights a didactic method: when a listener remains silent, the teacher (here, a deity) redirects the discourse toward an exemplary narrative—introducing Cyavana’s great deed—to convey dharma and the power of righteous action through precedent.

What is happening in the narrative?

After being addressed, Arjuna does not respond and stays silent. Vāyu then continues speaking, addressing the king and announcing that he will now recount the significant deeds and greatness of the sage Cyavana.