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Shloka 48

अध्याय १६ — शङ्कर-उमा-वरदानम् तथा तण्डि-स्तुतिः (Śaṅkara–Umā Boon-Granting and Taṇḍi’s Hymn)

यजुर्भियत्र्तरिधा वेद्यं जुद्धत्यध्वर्यवो5ध्वरे । सामभिर्य॑ च गायन्ति सामगा: शुद्धबुद्धयः

yajurbhir yatra tridhā vedyam śuddhyaty adhvaryavo 'dhvare | sāmabhir ya ca gāyanti sāmagāḥ śuddha-buddhayaḥ ||

Vāyu nói: “Trong nghi lễ thiêng ấy, bàn tế được thanh tẩy theo ba cách bằng các công thức Yajus, khi các tư tế Adhvaryu cử hành tế tự. Và tại đó, những người xướng Sāma, với tâm trí thanh tịnh, cất tiếng hát các thánh ca của Sāma.”

यजुर्भिःwith Yajus (Yajurvedic) mantras
यजुर्भिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootयजुस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
यत्रwhere
यत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयत्र
त्रिधाin three ways / threefold
त्रिधा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootत्रिधा
वेद्यम्the altar / sacrificial ground (vedi)
वेद्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवेद्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
शुद्ध्यतिis purified / becomes pure
शुद्ध्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootशुध्
FormPresent, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
अध्वर्यवःthe Adhvaryu priests
अध्वर्यवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअध्वर्यु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अध्वरेin the sacrifice
अध्वरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअध्वर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
सामभिःwith Sāman chants
सामभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसामन्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
येwho
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
गायन्तिsing / chant
गायन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootगै
FormPresent, 3, Plural, Parasmaipada
सामगाःSāmaga singers (Sāmavedic chanters)
सामगाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसामग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
शुद्धबुद्धयःof pure understanding / pure-minded
शुद्धबुद्धयः:
TypeAdjective
Rootशुद्धबुद्धि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

वायुदेव उवाच

वायुदेव (Vāyudeva)
यजुर्वेद (Yajurveda)
सामवेद (Sāmaveda)
अध्वर्यु (Adhvaryu priests)
सामग (Sāma-chanters)
वेदी (sacrificial altar/vedi)
अध्वर (sacrifice)

Educational Q&A

The verse links outer ritual purity with inner purity: the sacrifice is properly established when the altar is ritually purified through Yajus-formulas and when Sāma-hymns are sung by chanters whose minds are themselves purified. Correct performance (karma) and purified intention/understanding (buddhi) together uphold dharma.

Vāyudeva describes the functioning of a Vedic sacrifice: Adhvaryu priests employ Yajurveda formulas to purify and prepare the altar in a threefold manner, while Sāmaveda chanters sing the Sāman melodies. The description emphasizes the coordinated roles of different Vedic specialists and the sanctity of the rite.