Shloka 61

Devanagari script

दीक्षाकालेषु सर्वेषु यः पठेन्नियतो द्विज: । न्यायवानात्मनिरत: क्षान्तो दान्तोडनसूयक:

Transliteration

dīkṣākāleṣu sarveṣu yaḥ paṭhennīyato dvijaḥ | nyāyavān ātmanirataḥ kṣānto dānto 'nasūyakaḥ ||

Translation

Bhīṣma nói: Trong mọi dịp thọ giới và lập nguyện, người Bà-la-môn (kẻ “hai lần sinh”) giữ kỷ luật mà tụng đọc các danh hiệu này sẽ trở nên người trọng công lý, vững bền nội tâm, nhẫn nại, tự chế, và không soi mói lỗi lầm hay ganh ghét.

Word by Word

• दीक्षा-कालेषु: at the times of initiation
• दीक्षा-कालेषु: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: दीक्षाकाल
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Plural

• सर्वेषु: in all
• सर्वेषु: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Plural

• यः: who
• यः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• पठेत्: should recite
• Type: Verb
• Root: पठ्
• Form: Optative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular

• नियतः: disciplined, restrained
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नियत
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• द्विजः: a twice-born (brahmin etc.)
• द्विजः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्विज
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• न्याय-वान्: just, righteous
• Type: Adjective
• Root: न्यायवत्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• आत्म-निरतः: devoted to the self (self-absorbed/intent on self-discipline)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आत्मनिरत
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• क्षान्तः: patient, forgiving
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्षान्त
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• दान्तः: self-controlled
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दान्त
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अनसूयकः: free from envy/carping
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनसूयक
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Disciplined recitation at sacred vow-occasions is presented as a means to cultivate dharmic character—justice, inner steadiness, patience, self-control, and freedom from envy or fault-finding.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Bhīṣma’s instruction on dharma (Anuśāsana Parva), he describes the moral and psychological qualities that arise for a regulated dvija who recites the prescribed names during times of dīkṣā and ritual observance.