Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 20

Adhyāya 152 — Bhīṣma’s Authorization for Yudhiṣṭhira’s Return to the Capital (नगरप्रवेशानुज्ञा)

इत्युक्त्वा देवदेवस्य पत्नी धर्मभृतां वरा । स्मितपूर्वमथाभाष्य सर्वास्ता: सरितस्तथा

ity uktvā devadevasya patnī dharmabhṛtāṃ varā | smitapūrvam athābhāṣya sarvāstāḥ saritastathā ||

Nói xong, Umā—phối ngẫu của Đấng Thần của các thần, bậc tối thượng trong những người giữ gìn dharma—mỉm cười dịu nhẹ, rồi ngỏ lời với tất cả các dòng sông ấy như Gaṅgā, và hỏi họ về bổn phận cùng hạnh kiểm của người nữ (strī-dharma).

इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
उक्त्वाhaving said
उक्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), active
देवदेवस्यof the god of gods
देवदेवस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootदेवदेव
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
पत्नीwife
पत्नी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपत्नी
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
धर्मभृताम्of the upholders of dharma
धर्मभृताम्:
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मभृत्
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
वराexcellent, best
वरा:
TypeAdjective
Rootवर
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
स्मितपूर्वम्with a smile beforehand; smilingly
स्मितपूर्वम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्मितपूर्व
अथthen
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
आभाष्यhaving addressed, having spoken to
आभाष्य:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-भाष्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), active
सर्वाःall
सर्वाः:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
Formfeminine, accusative, plural
ताःthose
ताः:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formfeminine, accusative, plural
सरितःrivers
सरितः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसरित्
Formfeminine, accusative, plural
तथाlikewise, in that manner
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा

श्रीमहेश्वर उवाच

Ś
Śrī Maheśvara (Śiva/Mahādeva)
D
Devadeva (epithet of Śiva)
U
Umā (Pārvatī)
G
Gaṅgā
S
Saritaḥ (the rivers, personified)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames strī-dharma as a subject to be examined through respectful inquiry and authoritative dialogue: Umā, portrayed as exemplary in dharma, initiates a discussion on women’s duties and ethical conduct by consulting venerable, personified rivers such as Gaṅgā.

After concluding a prior statement, Umā—the wife of Mahādeva—smiles gently and addresses the assembled rivers (including Gaṅgā), posing questions to them about strī-dharma, setting up a didactic exchange.