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Shloka 54

कल्मषापहर-कीर्तनम् / Kīrtana for the Removal of Impurity

उमोवाच सावद्यं किन्नु वै कर्म निरवद्यं तथैव च । श्रेय: कुर्वन्नवाप्रोति मानवो देवसत्तम,पार्वतीने पूछा--देवश्रेष्ठ] कौन सदोष कर्म हैं और कौन निर्दोष, कौन-सा कर्म करके मनुष्य कल्याणका भागी होता है?

umovāca sāvadyam kiṃ nu vai karma niravadyam tathaiva ca | śreyaḥ kurvann avāpnoti mānavo devasattama ||

Umā nói: “Ôi bậc tối thượng trong các thần, hành vi nào là đáng trách, và hành vi nào là không đáng trách? Làm việc gì thì con người đạt được phúc lợi chân thật (śreyas)?”

उमाUmā (Pārvatī)
उमा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउमा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
सावद्यंfaulty, blameworthy
सावद्यं:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसावद्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
किम्what?
किम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
नुindeed/then (interrogative emphasis)
नु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनु
वैindeed, surely
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
कर्मaction, deed
कर्म:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
निरवद्यंblameless, faultless
निरवद्यं:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनिरवद्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तथाthus, likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
एवjust, indeed
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
श्रेयःwelfare, the good
श्रेयः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootश्रेयस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कुर्वन्doing, performing
कुर्वन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPresent active participle (Parasmaipada), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
अवाप्नोतिattains, obtains
अवाप्नोति:
TypeVerb
Rootअव+आप्
FormPresent, Indicative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
मानवःa man, human
मानवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमानव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
देवसत्तमO best of gods
देवसत्तम:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootदेव-सत्तम
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

श्रीमहेश्वर उवाच

U
Umā (Pārvatī)
M
Mahādeva/Śiva (addressed as Devasattama)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames a classic dharma inquiry: distinguishing blameworthy (sāvadyam) from blameless (niravadyam) action, and identifying the kind of conduct that leads to śreyas—lasting welfare rather than merely immediate gain.

In a dialogue setting, Umā (Pārvatī) addresses Mahādeva as ‘best of the gods’ and asks him to clarify ethical categories of action and the path by which humans attain true good.