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Shloka 108

Rudra-Śiva: Names, Two Natures, and the Logic of Epithets (रुद्रनाम-बहुरूपत्व-प्रकरणम्)

सर्वेष्वेवर्षिधर्मेषु ज्ञेयो55त्मा संयतेन्द्रियै: । कामक्रोधौ तत: पश्चाज्जेतव्याविति मे मति:

sarveṣv eva ṛṣidharmēṣu jñeyo ’tmā saṃyatendriyaiḥ | kāmakrodhau tataḥ paścāj jetavyāv iti me matiḥ ||

Trong mọi hình thức dharma do các bậc hiền triết truyền dạy, trước hết phải chứng ngộ Chân Ngã nhờ chế ngự các căn. Sau đó, dục vọng và sân hận cũng phải bị khuất phục—đó là quan điểm đã được ta suy xét kỹ càng.

सर्वेषुin all
सर्वेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Plural
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
ऋषिधर्मेषुin the sages' duties (rishi-dharmas)
ऋषिधर्मेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootऋषिधर्म
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
ज्ञेयःto be known/knowable
ज्ञेयः:
TypeAdjective
Rootज्ञेय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
आत्माthe Self
आत्मा:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
संयतेन्द्रियैःby those with restrained senses
संयतेन्द्रियैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootसंयतेन्द्रिय
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
कामक्रोधौdesire and anger
कामक्रोधौ:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकामक्रोध
FormMasculine, Accusative, Dual
ततःthen/thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
पश्चात्afterwards
पश्चात्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपश्चात्
जेतव्यौto be conquered
जेतव्यौ:
TypeAdjective
Rootजेतव्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
मेmy/of me
मे:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
मतिःopinion/view
मतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular

श्रीमहेश्वर उवाच

Ś
Śrī Maheśvara (Śiva)
Ā
Ātmā (the Self)
K
Kāma (desire)
K
Krodha (anger)
Ṛṣis (sages)

Educational Q&A

The verse prioritizes a sequence: first, restrain the senses to become fit for realizing the Self (ātma-jñāna); then, on that foundation, overcome the powerful inner enemies of desire (kāma) and anger (krodha).

Śrī Maheśvara speaks as a teacher of dharma, summarizing what he regards as the essential discipline common to the sages’ paths: inner restraint leading to Self-knowledge, followed by victory over desire and anger.