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Shloka 4

Adhyāya 138: Vāyu’s Exempla on Brāhmaṇa-Prabhāva and a Cosmological Clarification

इमा गावो महाभागा: पवित्र परम॑ स्मृता: । त्रील्लॉकान्‌ धारयन्ति सम सदेवासुरमानुषान्‌,ये गौएँ परम सौभाग्यशालिनी और अत्यन्त पवित्र मानी गयी हैं। ये देवता, असुर और मनुष्योंसहित तीनों लोकोंको धारण करती हैं

imā gāvo mahābhāgāḥ pavitrāḥ paramaṃ smṛtāḥ | trīl lokān dhārayanti sama-sadevāsura-mānuṣān ||

Maheshvara nói: “Những con bò này vô cùng cát tường và được ghi nhớ là thanh tịnh tối thượng. Chúng nâng đỡ ba cõi—cùng với chư thiên, asura và loài người.”

imāḥthese
imāḥ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootidam
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
gāvaḥcows
gāvaḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootgo
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
mahābhāgāḥmost fortunate / greatly blessed
mahābhāgāḥ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootmahābhāga
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
pavitrāḥpure, sacred
pavitrāḥ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootpavitra
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
paramamsupremely, exceedingly (as an intensifier)
paramam:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootparama
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
smṛtāḥare considered / are remembered (as)
smṛtāḥ:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootsmṛ (dhātu) + kta
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
trīnthree
trīn:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Roottri
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
lokānworlds
lokān:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootloka
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
dhārayantithey uphold, sustain
dhārayanti:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootdhṛ
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
samamequally, together
samam:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsama
sadeva-asura-mānuṣānwith gods, asuras, and humans
sadeva-asura-mānuṣān:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootsadeva-asura-mānuṣa
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural

महेश्वर उवाच

M
Maheshvara (Śiva)
C
cows (gāvaḥ)
T
three worlds (trīl lokāḥ)
D
devas
A
asuras
H
humans (mānuṣāḥ)

Educational Q&A

Cows are presented as supremely pure and life-sustaining, symbolically supporting the entire cosmos. The ethical implication is dharmic responsibility: protect and honor what nourishes and upholds all beings, cultivating gratitude, restraint, and non-harm.

Maheshvara speaks in praise of cows, declaring their exceptional auspiciousness and purity and asserting that they sustain the three worlds along with all classes of beings—devas, asuras, and humans—thereby grounding a discourse on reverence and protection.