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Mahabharata — Anushasana Parva, Shloka 16

ब्राह्मण–क्षत्रिय-श्रेष्ठता-विवादः

Arjuna–Vāyu Dialogue on Brāhmaṇa and Kṣatriya Precedence

ब्राह्मण, क्षत्रिय, वैश्य अथवा शूद्र यदि उपवासपूर्वक एक वर्षतक इस प्रकार हमारे लिये बलिदान करे तो उसका महान्‌ फल होता है। बाँबीके निकट बलि अर्पित करनेपर वह हमारे लिये अधिक फल देनेवाला माना गया है ।।

reṇukovāca | brāhmaṇaḥ kṣatriyo vaiśyo athavā śūdro yady upavāsapūrvakam eka-varṣaṃ yathā-vidhi asmākaṃ kṛte balidānaṃ kuryāt, tasya mahān phalaṃ bhavati | bāmbī-samīpe baliṃ nivedayitvā tad asmākaṃ kṛte ’dhika-phala-pradaṃ manyate || ye ca nāgā mahā-vīryāḥ triṣu lokeṣu kṛtsnaśaḥ, kṛtātithyā bhaveyus te śataṃ varṣāṇi tattvataḥ ||

Reṇuk nói: “Dù là bà-la-môn, sát-đế-lỵ, phệ-xá hay thủ-đà-la—nếu trước hết thọ trai (nhịn ăn) rồi suốt một năm thực hành đúng nghi thức dâng lễ bali vì chúng ta, thì sẽ được quả báo lớn. Và khi lễ bali được dâng gần ụ mối (valmīka), đối với chúng ta lại càng được xem là sinh công đức hơn nữa. Quả thật, nhờ việc cúng dâng này, hết thảy các Nāga dũng mãnh khắp ba cõi đều được tôn kính và tiếp đãi chân thực suốt một trăm năm.”

येwho/which (those)
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
नागाःNāgas/serpent-beings
नागाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनाग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
महावीर्याःof great valor
महावीर्याः:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहावीर्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
त्रिषुin three
त्रिषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNumeral/Adjective
Rootत्रि
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Plural
लोकेषुin the worlds
लोकेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
कृत्स्नशःentirely, all together
कृत्स्नशः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकृत्स्नशस्
कृतातिथ्याःhaving received hospitality / duly honored as guests
कृतातिथ्याः:
TypeAdjective
Rootकृतातिथ्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
भवेयुःwould become / would be
भवेयुः:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
शतम्a hundred
शतम्:
TypeNumeral
Rootशत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वर्षाणिyears
वर्षाणि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ष
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
तत्त्वतःtruly, in reality
तत्त्वतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्त्वतस्

रेणुक उवाच

R
Reṇuka
N
Nāgas
T
the three worlds (trailokya)
A
anthill/termite mound (bāmbī)
T
the four varṇas (brāhmaṇa, kṣatriya, vaiśya, śūdra)
B
bali (offering)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that disciplined, sustained giving—performed with self-restraint (fasting) and proper ritual attention—produces great merit, and that honoring even non-human beings (Nāgas) through appropriate offerings is ethically framed as a form of hospitality and respect.

Reṇuka explains the fruit of a year-long bali-offering performed for the Nāgas, noting that offering near an anthill is considered especially efficacious, and that this act results in the Nāgas across the three worlds being truly honored for a hundred years.