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Shloka 46

Umā–Maheśvara-saṃvāda: Varṇa-bhraṃśa, Ācāra (Vṛtta), and Karmic Ascent/Decline

ब्रह्मोवाच अहो प्रश्नो महाभागा गूढार्थ: परम: शुभ: । सूक्ष्म: श्रेयांश्व॒ मर्दानां भवद्धिः समुदाह्ृत:

brahmovāca aho praśno mahābhāgā gūḍhārthaḥ paramaḥ śubhaḥ | sūkṣmaḥ śreyāṁś ca martyānāṁ bhavadbhiḥ samudāhṛtaḥ ||

Brahmā nói: “Ôi những bậc hữu phúc! Câu hỏi này thâm sâu về ý nghĩa, vô cùng cát tường và hết sức vi tế. Nó thật sự dẫn đến điều thiện tối thượng cho loài người—và các ngươi đã nêu ra một cách đúng đắn, rõ ràng.”

ब्रह्माBrahmā
ब्रह्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), Third, Singular
अहोah!/indeed
अहो:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअहो
प्रश्नःquestion
प्रश्नः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रश्न
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महाभागाःO greatly fortunate ones
महाभागाः:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाभाग
FormMasculine, Vocative, Plural
गूढार्थःhaving a hidden meaning
गूढार्थः:
TypeAdjective
Rootगूढार्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
परमःsupreme
परमः:
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शुभःauspicious
शुभः:
TypeAdjective
Rootशुभ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सूक्ष्मःsubtle
सूक्ष्मः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसूक्ष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
श्रेयांश्चand more beneficial
श्रेयांश्च:
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रेयस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मर्त्यानाम्of mortals
मर्त्यानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootमर्त्य
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
भवद्भिःby you (honorific)
भवद्भिः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootभवत्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
समुदाहृतःhas been well stated/uttered
समुदाहृतः:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-उद्-आ-हृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)

भीष्म उवाच

B
Brahmā

Educational Q&A

The verse praises the act of asking a question that is deep, subtle, and ethically beneficial. It frames sincere inquiry into dharma as itself auspicious and as a means to human welfare (śreyas).

Within Bhīṣma’s discourse, a divine voice (Brahmā) responds approvingly to the interlocutors’ inquiry, emphasizing that their question is profound and well-formulated, setting the stage for an authoritative explanation of dharma.