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Shloka 39

Vānaprastha-dharma and Tapas: Śiva–Umā Saṃvāda

Forest-Stage Discipline and Austerity

महामते! इस श्राद्धमें जो पहला पिण्ड पानीके भीतर चला जाता है, वह चन्द्रमाको तृप्त करता है और चन्द्रमा स्वयं देवता तथा पितरोंको तृप्त करते हैं ।।

mahāmate! asmin śrāddhe yaḥ prathamaḥ piṇḍaḥ salile praviśati sa candramasaṃ tarpayati, candramāś ca svayaṃ devān pitṝṃś ca tarpayati. bhuṅkte tu patnī yaṃ ca eṣām anujñātā tu madhyamam; putrakāmāya putraṃ tu prayacchanti pitāmahāḥ.

Sứ giả chư thiên nói: “Hỡi bậc hiền trí, trong lễ śrāddha này, viên piṇḍa thứ nhất trôi vào nước làm thỏa mãn Thần Nguyệt. Và chính Thần Nguyệt lại nuôi dưỡng, làm thỏa mãn cả chư thiên lẫn tổ tiên. Cũng vậy, khi người vợ của kẻ hành lễ—được bậc trưởng thượng cho phép—ăn viên piṇḍa ở giữa, thì các bậc tổ tiên, vui lòng bởi hành động ấy, sẽ ban một người con trai cho người đàn ông đang khát khao con nối dõi.”

भुङ्क्तेeats
भुङ्क्ते:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootभुज्
FormLat, Parasmaipada, 3, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
पत्नीwife
पत्नी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपत्नी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
यम्which/whom
यम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एषाम्of these (elders)
एषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
अनुज्ञाताpermitted/authorized
अनुज्ञाता:
TypeAdjective
Rootअनुज्ञा
FormKta (past passive participle used adjectivally), Feminine, Nominative, Singular
तुindeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
मध्यमम्the middle (one)
मध्यमम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमध्यम
FormMasculine/Neuter, Accusative, Singular
पुत्रकामायto one desiring a son
पुत्रकामाय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्रकाम
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
पुत्रम्a son
पुत्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तुindeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
प्रयच्छन्तिgrant/give
प्रयच्छन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + यम्
FormLat, Parasmaipada, 3, Plural
पितामहाःgrandfathers/forefathers
पितामहाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपितामह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

देवदूत उवाच

D
Devadūta (divine messenger)
C
Candra/Candramā (Moon deity)
D
Devas (gods)
P
Pitṛs/Pitāmahāḥ (ancestors/forefathers)
Ś
Śrāddha (ancestral rite)
P
Piṇḍa (rice-ball offering)
P
Patnī (wife of the śrāddha-performer)

Educational Q&A

Śrāddha is presented as a dharmic act with cosmic linkage: offerings connect to Candra, who mediates nourishment to gods and ancestors. Properly authorized participation—especially the wife’s sanctioned act—can yield the fruit of progeny, emphasizing ritual order, consent of elders, and continuity of lineage.

A divine messenger explains the results of specific śrāddha actions: the first piṇḍa entering water satisfies the Moon, who then satisfies gods and ancestors; and the wife, with elders’ permission, eats the middle piṇḍa, by which the pleased forefathers grant a son to one who desires offspring.