Anushasana Parva Adhyaya 115 Shloka 78 - Mahabharata | Vietnamese | Vedapath

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Shloka 78

Ahiṃsā as Threefold Restraint (Mind–Speech–Action) and the Ethics of Consumption

Devanagari script

सूकर: पज्च वर्षाणि दश वर्षाणि श्वाविध: । बिडाल: पज्च वर्षाणि दश वर्षाणि कुक्कुट:

Transliteration

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca | sūkaraḥ pañca varṣāṇi daśa varṣāṇi śvāvidhaḥ | biḍālaḥ pañca varṣāṇi daśa varṣāṇi kukkuṭaḥ |

Translation

Yudhiṣṭhira nói: “(Kẻ ấy) làm heo rừng năm năm, làm śvāvidha mười năm, làm mèo năm năm, và làm gà trống mười năm.”

Word by Word

सूकरःboar (as a birth/state)

पञ्चfive

वर्षाणिyears (duration)

दशten

वर्षाणिyears (duration)

श्वाविधःporcupine (as a birth/state)

बिडालःcat (as a birth/state)

पञ्चfive

वर्षाणिyears (duration)

दशten

वर्षाणिyears (duration)

कुक्कुटःcock/rooster (as a birth/state)

Speaker

युधिछिर उवाच

Characters & Entities

य

युधिष्ठिर (Yudhiṣṭhira)

स

सूकर (boar)

श

श्वाविध (śvāvidha)

ब

बिडाल (cat)

क

कुक्कुट (rooster)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse supports the Anuśāsana Parva’s ethical instruction by illustrating saṃsāra: actions can propel a being through successive non-human births for fixed spans, underscoring the gravity of adharma and the need for righteous conduct to avoid degrading rebirths.

What is happening in the narrative?

Yudhiṣṭhira is speaking within a didactic exchange on dharma and karmic results, listing a sequence of animal embodiments and their durations as part of a broader description of how a soul may wander through various wombs due to past deeds.