Shloka 45
Ahiṃsā as Threefold Restraint (Mind–Speech–Action) and the Ethics of Consumption
येन येन तु भावेन कर्मणा पुरुषो गतिम् । प्रयाति परुषां घोरां तत्ते वक्ष्याम्यत: परम्,मनुष्य जिस-जिस भाव और जिस-जिस कर्मसे निष्ठुरतापूर्ण भयंकर गतिको प्राप्त होता है, अब उसीको बता रहा हूँ
yena yena tu bhāvena karmaṇā puruṣo gatim | prayāti paruṣāṃ ghorāṃ tat te vakṣyāmy ataḥ param ||
“Bởi tâm thế nào và bởi những hành vi nào mà con người đạt đến một số phận khắc nghiệt, ghê rợn—điều ấy ta sẽ nói tiếp từ đây.”
युधिछिर उवाच
Educational Q&A
A person’s ultimate destiny (gati) is shaped jointly by inner disposition (bhāva) and outward action (karma). The verse frames an ethical principle: cruel or distorted attitudes, when expressed through deeds, lead to severe and fearful outcomes.
Yudhiṣṭhira signals a transition to further instruction: he is about to explain the specific mental states and actions by which a human being reaches a harsh, dreadful fate. The line functions as a lead-in to a subsequent enumeration or teaching.