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Mahabharata — Anushasana Parva, Shloka 117

Ahiṃsā as Threefold Restraint (Mind–Speech–Action) and the Ethics of Consumption

स्त्रियं हत्वा तु दुर्बद्धिर्यमस्य विषयं गत: । बहून्‌ क्लेशान्‌ समासाद्य संसारांश्चैव विंशतिम्‌

striyaṁ hatvā tu durbuddhir yamasya viṣayaṁ gataḥ | bahūn kleśān samāsādya saṁsārāṁś caiva viṁśatim ||

Yudhiṣṭhira nói: “Kẻ đàn ông tâm trí lệch lạc mà giết hại một người nữ sẽ bị đày đến cõi của Diêm Vương (Yama). Sau khi chịu đủ mọi hình phạt nơi ấy, hắn lại tái sinh hết lần này đến lần khác—hai mươi lần—trong những cảnh giới đầy sầu khổ.”

स्त्रियम्a woman
स्त्रियम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्त्री
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
हत्वाhaving killed
हत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), Non-finite
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
दुर्बुद्धिःa wicked/foolish-minded (man)
दुर्बुद्धिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्बुद्धि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यमस्यof Yama
यमस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootयम
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
विषयम्domain/realm
विषयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविषय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
गतःgone (having gone)
गतः:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
बहून्many
बहून्:
TypeAdjective
Rootबहु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
क्लेशान्afflictions/sufferings
क्लेशान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootक्लेश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
समासाद्यhaving encountered/undergone
समासाद्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-√सद्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Non-finite
संसारान्transmigratory existences (rounds of worldly life)
संसारान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसंसार
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
विंशतिम्twenty (times)
विंशतिम्:
TypeNoun
Rootविंशति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
Y
Yama

Educational Q&A

The verse asserts a strong dharmic prohibition against harming women: killing a woman is portrayed as a grave adharma that leads to post-mortem punishment in Yama’s realm and repeated painful rebirths, emphasizing karmic accountability and social-ethical restraint.

In the Anuśāsana Parva’s instruction on dharma, Yudhiṣṭhira speaks a warning statement: he describes the fate of a wrong-minded person who commits the act of killing a woman—first suffering in Yama’s jurisdiction and then undergoing multiple sorrowful rebirths.