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Shloka 5

Tapas-śreṣṭhatā: Anāśana as the Highest Austerity

Bhagīratha–Brahmā Saṃvāda

अतीत्य सुरलोकं च गवां लोक॑ च भारत । ऋषिलोकं च सोडगच्छद्‌ भगीरथ इति श्रुतम्‌,भारत! सुननेमें आया है कि राजा भगीरथ देवलोक, गौओंके लोक और ऋषिलोकको भी लाँघकर ब्रह्मलोकमें जा पहुँचे

atītya suralokaṃ ca gavāṃ lokaṃ ca bhārata | ṛṣilokaṃ ca so ’ḍagacchad bhagīratha iti śrutam |

Bhīṣma nói: “Hỡi Bhārata, người ta nghe rằng vua Bhagīratha đã vượt qua cả cõi chư thiên, cõi của loài bò, và cả cõi của các ṛṣi, rồi còn tiến xa hơn nữa (lên cao hơn).”

अतीत्यhaving crossed/overstepped
अतीत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootअति-इ (धातु √इ)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि
सुरलोकम्the world of the gods
सुरलोकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसुरलोक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
गवाम्of cows
गवाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootगो
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
लोकम्world/realm
लोकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भारतO Bharata
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
ऋषिलोकम्the world of sages
ऋषिलोकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootऋषिलोक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सोडुम्to pass beyond/overstep
सोडुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootसह् (धातु √सह्)
Formतुमुन् (infinitive), कर्तरि
अगच्छत्went/reached
अगच्छत्:
TypeVerb
Rootगम् (धातु √गम्)
FormImperfect (लङ्), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
भगीरथःBhagiratha
भगीरथः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभगीरथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
श्रुतम्is heard/has been heard
श्रुतम्:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु (धातु √श्रु)
Formक्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Nominative, Singular, कर्मणि
भारतO Bharata
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
B
Bhārata (Yudhiṣṭhira)
B
Bhagīratha
S
Suraloka (Devaloka)
G
Gavāṃ-loka (realm of cows)
Ṛṣiloka (realm of sages)

Educational Q&A

The verse uses Bhagīratha as a model of exceptional puṇya: through unwavering dharma and great religious undertaking, one is said to transcend even exalted heavenly realms. It underscores that moral-spiritual achievement can surpass ordinary celestial rewards.

Bhīṣma, instructing Yudhiṣṭhira, cites a traditional report about King Bhagīratha: he is said to have gone beyond the realms of the gods, cows, and sages—indicating an extraordinary posthumous or spiritual attainment.