Shloka 26

Āloka-dāna (Dīpa-dāna), Sumanas–Dhūpa–Dīpa Phala: Manu–Suvarṇa and Śukra–Bali Exempla

Devanagari script

वन्या ग्राम्याश्वेह तथा कृष्टोप्ता: पर्वताश्रया: । अकण्टका: कण्टकिनो गन्धरूपरसान्विता:

Transliteration

śukra uvāca |

vanyā grāmyāś ca iha tathā kṛṣṭoptāḥ parvatāśrayāḥ |

akaṇṭakāḥ kaṇṭakino gandharūparasānvitāḥ ||

Translation

Śukra nói: “Ở đây, có cây hoang dã và có cây được trồng gần làng mạc; có cây được gieo trồng sau khi đất đã cày xới, lại có cây tự mọc nơi miền núi. Trong số ấy, có cây không gai và có cây đầy gai; nhưng tất thảy đều có hương, có sắc, có vị.”

Word by Word

• वन्याः: wild (trees/plants)
• वन्याः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वन्य
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• ग्राम्याः: village-grown/domestic
• ग्राम्याः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ग्राम्य
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• इह: here
• इह: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह

• तथा: and likewise
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• कृष्ट: ploughed/tilled
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृष्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• उप्ताः: sown/planted
• उप्ताः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वप्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• पर्वत: on/in a mountain
• पर्वत: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पर्वत
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• आश्रयाः: having as abode; dwelling (there)
• आश्रयाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आश्रय
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• अकण्टकाः: thornless
• अकण्टकाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अकण्टक
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• कण्टकिनः: thorny
• कण्टकिनः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कण्टकिन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• गन्ध: smell/fragrance
• गन्ध: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गन्ध
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• रूप: form/appearance
• रूप: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रूप
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• रस: taste/juice
• रस: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रस
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• अन्विताः: endowed with; possessed of
• अन्विताः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्वि + इ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

शुक्र उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Śukra
• trees
• villages (grāma)
• forests/wilds (vanya)
• mountains (parvata)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights natural diversity: beings arise through different conditions—wild, cultivated, or self-grown—yet all share inherent qualities. Ethically, it supports a dharmic outlook that recognizes common endowments amid outward differences.

What is happening in the narrative?

Śukra is speaking in an instructive mode, using the example of trees—village-grown, forest-grown, planted, or mountain-born—to illustrate variety in the world and the shared presence of qualities like fragrance, form, and taste.