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Shloka 9

अग्निशाप-प्रसंगः

Agni’s Curse and the Restoration of Ritual Order

देवता: पितरस्तस्मात्‌ पितरश्नापि देवता: । एकीभूताश्न पूज्यन्ते पृथक्त्वेन च पर्वसु,“अत: देवता पितर हैं और पितर ही देवता हैं। विभिन्न पर्वोपर ये दोनों एक रूपमें भी पूजे जाते हैं और पृथक्‌-पृथक्‌ भी

devatāḥ pitaras tasmāt pitaro 'pi devatāḥ | ekībhūtāś ca pūjyante pṛthaktvena ca parvasu ||

Śaunaka nói: “Vì thế, chư Thiên (trong bản thể) chính là các Pitṛ—các bậc Tổ phụ; và các Pitṛ cũng là chư Thiên. Trong những kỳ lễ và dịp thiêng (parvan), có khi người ta thờ phụng các Ngài như một thực tại hợp nhất, có khi lại thờ riêng rẽ—mỗi vị theo hình tướng của mình.”

देवताःgods, deities
देवताः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेवता
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
पितरःancestors, fathers (manes)
पितरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तस्मात्therefore, from that (reason)
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
पितरःancestors
पितरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
देवताःdeities
देवताः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेवता
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
एकीभूताःhaving become one, united
एकीभूताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootएकीभूत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पूज्यन्तेare worshipped
पूज्यन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootपूज्
FormPresent, Indicative, Passive, Third, Plural
पृथक्त्वेनseparately, in separateness
पृथक्त्वेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपृथक्त्व
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पर्वसुon festival occasions, at rites/holy days
पर्वसु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपर्वन्
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural

शौनक उवाच

Ś
Śaunaka
D
Devatās (gods)
P
Pitṛs (ancestors)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches the essential continuity between divine worship (devatā) and ancestral reverence (pitṛ). In dharmic practice, honoring ancestors is not separate from honoring the divine; depending on the rite, they may be approached as a unified sacred reality or as distinct recipients of worship.

Śaunaka, in dialogue within the early frame narrative of the Mahābhārata, articulates a doctrinal point about ritual theology: during various parvans (sacred observances), gods and ancestors are worshipped either together as one or separately, explaining how different rites structure offerings and veneration.