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Shloka 31

समन्तपञ्चक-आख्यानम् तथा अक्षौहिणी-प्रमाणनिर्णयः

Samantapañcaka Narrative and the Measure of an Akṣauhiṇī

अहनी युयुधे द्वे तु कर्ण: परबलार्दन: । शल्यो<र्धदिवसं चैव गदायुद्धमत: परम्‌,शत्रुसेनाको पीड़ित करनेवाले वीरवर कर्णने दो दिन युद्ध किया और शल्यने आधे दिनतक। इसके पश्चात्‌ (दुर्योधन और भीमसेनका परस्पर) गदायुद्ध आधे दिनतक होता रहा

ahanī yuyudhe dve tu karṇaḥ parabala-ardanaḥ | śalyo 'rdha-divasaṃ caiva gadā-yuddham ataḥ param ||

Karna, bậc hùng dũng nghiền nát sức quân thù, đã giao chiến trọn hai ngày; Śalya chiến đấu nửa ngày. Sau đó là cuộc quyết đấu gậy chùy tối thượng—Duryodhana và Bhīmasena đối mặt nhau—kéo dài thêm nửa ngày. Đoạn văn nhấn mạnh sự leo thang không ngừng của chiến tranh và sức chịu đựng lạnh lùng của chiến sĩ, khi gánh nặng đạo lý của bạo lực cứ chồng chất dần lên.

अहनीtwo days
अहनी:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअहन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Dual
युयुधेfought
युयुधे:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootयुध्
FormPerfect (Paroksha), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
द्वेtwo
द्वे:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootद्वि
FormNeuter, Accusative, Dual
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
कर्णःKarna
कर्णः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
परबलार्दनःcrusher of the enemy's army
परबलार्दनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपर-बल-अर्दन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शल्यःShalya
शल्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशल्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अर्धदिवसम्half a day
अर्धदिवसम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्ध-दिवस
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
गदायुद्धम्mace-fight
गदायुद्धम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगदा-युद्ध
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अतःthereafter/from this
अतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअतः
परम्afterwards/then
परम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपर

राम उवाच

K
Karṇa
Ś
Śalya
D
Duryodhana
B
Bhīmasena
G
gadā (mace/club)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the intensity and endurance of martial duty, while implicitly pointing to the moral gravity of prolonged violence: heroic prowess can be celebrated, yet the narrative context reminds the reader that such contests arise from adharma-driven rivalry and culminate in devastating outcomes.

It summarizes successive phases of fighting: Karṇa battles for two days, Śalya for half a day, and then the climactic mace-fight occurs between Duryodhana and Bhīmasena, lasting half a day.