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Shloka 10

Vāraṇāvata-prasaṃsā and the Pāṇḍavas’ Departure (वरणावत-प्रशंसा तथा पाण्डव-प्रयाणम्)

ययोरेव सम॑ वित्तं ययोरेव सम॑ श्रुतम्‌ । तयोरविवाह: सख्यं च न तु पुष्टविपुष्टयो:,जिनका धन समान है, जिनकी विद्या एक-सी है, उन्हींमें विवाह और मैत्रीका सम्बन्ध हो सकता है। हृष्ट-पुष्ट और दुर्बलमें (धनवान्‌ और निर्धनमें) कभी मित्रता नहीं हो सकती

yayor eva samaṁ vittaṁ yayor eva samaṁ śrutam | tayor avivāhaḥ sakhyaṁ ca na tu puṣṭavipuṣṭayoḥ ||

Hūpada nói: “Chỉ giữa những người có của cải ngang nhau và học vấn ngang nhau thì hôn nhân và tình bằng hữu mới có thể nảy sinh đúng lẽ. Giữa kẻ no đủ và kẻ đói khát—giữa người phú quý và kẻ bần cùng—tình bạn chân thật không thể bền lâu.”

ययोःof whom (two)
ययोः:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Dual
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
समम्equal
समम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसम
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
वित्तम्wealth
वित्तम्:
TypeNoun
Rootवित्त
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
ययोःof whom (two)
ययोः:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Dual
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
समम्equal
समम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसम
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
श्रुतम्learning/knowledge (what is heard/learned)
श्रुतम्:
TypeNoun
Rootश्रुत
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
तयोःbetween/of those two
तयोः:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Dual
अविवाहःmarriage (lit. non-separation; here: विवाह-सम्बन्धः)
अविवाहः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअविवाह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सख्यम्friendship
सख्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसख्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तुbut/however
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
पुष्टविपुष्टयोःof the well-nourished and the ill-nourished (i.e., unequal persons)
पुष्टविपुष्टयोः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootपुष्ट-विपुष्ट
FormMasculine, Genitive, Dual

हुपद उवाच

हुपद (Hupada)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches a pragmatic social ethic: stable marriage and friendship require parity—especially in resources (vitta) and education/culture (śruta). Extreme imbalance tends to produce dependence, resentment, or insecurity, undermining genuine reciprocity.

Hupada is articulating a principle for forming alliances—particularly marital and friendly bonds—by emphasizing suitability and equality between parties, warning that relationships across stark disparities (prosperous vs. deprived) are difficult to sustain.