Shloka 74

Devanagari script

अनिर्वर्त्य महायज्ञान् यो भुङ्क्ते तु द्विजोत्तमः / अनातुरः सति धने कृच्छ्रार्धेन स शुद्ध्यति

Transliteration

anirvartya mahāyajñān yo bhuṅkte tu dvijottamaḥ / anāturaḥ sati dhane kṛcchrārdhena sa śuddhyati

Translation

Nếu bậc dvija tối thượng, chưa chu toàn các đại tế lễ mà vẫn thọ hưởng (của cải, miếng ăn), thì—miễn không lâm cảnh khốn cùng và có đủ phương tiện—sẽ được thanh tịnh bằng cách thực hành nửa phép khổ hạnh Kṛcchra.

Word by Word

• अनिर्वर्त्य: without performing
• अनिर्वर्त्य: पूर्वकालक्रिया (negated prior action)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अन्-निर्-√वृत् (धातु)
• Form: ल्यबन्त-अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund) ‘without having performed/fulfilled’

• महायज्ञान्: great sacrifices
• महायज्ञान्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: महā + यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), बहुवचन; समासः: महा-यज्ञ (कर्मधारयः)

• यः: who
• यः: कर्ता
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन; सम्बन्धक-प्रत्यय (relative pronoun)

• भुङ्क्ते: eats/enjoys
• भुङ्क्ते: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: भुज् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

• तु: but/indeed
• तु: सम्बन्ध-निपात
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात

• द्विजोत्तमः: a foremost twice-born
• द्विजोत्तमः: कर्ता (apposition to यः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्विज + उत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन; समासः: द्विज-उत्तम

• अनातुरः: not sick
• अनातुरः: कर्ता-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ-आतुर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; नञ्-युक्त ‘not ill’

• सति: when there is/while being
• सति: सति-सप्तमी (absolute construction)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत् (प्रातिपदिक; √अस्, शतृ)
• Form: सप्तमी, एकवचन; सति-सप्तमी (locative absolute) ‘when/while being’

• धने: (when) wealth (is present)
• धने: अधिकरण (in the presence of wealth)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (अधिकरण), एकवचन; सति-सप्तमी-सम्बद्धम्

• कृच्छ्रार्धेन: by half of the kṛcchra (penance)
• कृच्छ्रार्धेन: करण (means)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृच्छ्र + अर्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण), एकवचन; समासः: कृच्छ्र-अर्ध (षष्ठी/तत्पुरुषः) ‘half of the kṛcchra’

• सः: he
• सः: कर्ता
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन

• शुद्ध्यति: is purified
• शुद्ध्यति: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: शुध् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; intransitive ‘becomes pure’

Speaker

Sūta (narrating traditional dharma-teachings of the Kūrma Purāṇa in a prescriptive style)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Characters & Entities

• Mahāyajña
• Kṛcchra (penance)
• Dvija (twice-born)

More Details (3 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

Indirectly: it frames purification as restoring dharmic alignment—ethical discipline and expiation are presented as prerequisites that steady the mind for higher knowledge of Ātman taught elsewhere in the Kūrma Purāṇa.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

No formal āsana/dhyāna is taught in this verse; it emphasizes prāyaścitta (Kṛcchra) as a tapas-based discipline that supports inner purity—an ethical foundation consistent with the Purāṇa’s later yoga and devotion teachings.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

It does not explicitly address Śiva–Viṣṇu unity; it focuses on dharma and expiation, which the Kūrma Purāṇa treats as a shared, non-sectarian foundation supporting both Śaiva (Pāśupata) and Vaiṣṇava pathways.