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Shloka 94

Śrāddha-vidhi for Pitṛs: Invitations, Purity, Offerings, and Conduct

पूर्वाह्ने चैव कर्तव्यं श्राद्धमभ्युदयार्थिना / देववत्सर्वमेव स्याद् यवैः कार्या तिलक्रिया

pūrvāhne caiva kartavyaṃ śrāddhamabhyudayārthinā / devavatsarvameva syād yavaiḥ kāryā tilakriyā

Người cầu thịnh vượng nên cử hành śrāddha vào buổi tiền trưa. Mọi việc trong lễ ấy hãy làm như nghi lễ dâng lên chư thiên; và nghi thức dâng mè (tilakriyā) thì thực hiện bằng lúa mạch (yava).

pūrvāhnein the forenoon
pūrvāhne:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootpūrva (प्रातिपदिक) + ahan (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: ‘पूर्वे अह्नि’ = in the forenoon
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय
evaindeed/only
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअवधारणार्थक अव्यय (emphasis: only/indeed)
kartavyamshould be performed
kartavyam:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/विधेय)
TypeAdjective
Rootkartavya (कृदन्त; √kṛ धातु, तव्यत्)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विधेय-विशेषण — ‘to be done’
śrāddhamśrāddha (ancestral rite)
śrāddham:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootśrāddha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), एकवचन
abhyudaya-arthināby one seeking prosperity
abhyudaya-arthinā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootabhyudaya (प्रातिपदिक) + arthin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: ‘अभ्युदयं अर्थयते’ = one who seeks prosperity; करण/हेतु-भावे ‘by/for one seeking’
deva-vatlike (a rite) for the gods
deva-vat:
Prakāra (प्रकार)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootdeva (प्रातिपदिक) + vat (वत्-प्रत्यय)
Formवत्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (comparative adverb): ‘like the gods’
sarvameverything/all (of it)
sarvam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootsarva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विधेय-विशेषण
evaindeed
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअवधारणार्थक अव्यय
syātshould be
syāt:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√as (अस् धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन
yavaiḥwith barley grains
yavaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootyava (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन
kāryāshould be done
kāryā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/विधेय)
TypeAdjective
Rootkārya (कृदन्त; √kṛ धातु, यत्)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विधेय-विशेषण — ‘to be done’ (agreeing with tilakriyā)
tila-kriyāsesame-rite (use of sesame)
tila-kriyā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottila (प्रातिपदिक) + kriyā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: ‘तिलैः क्रिया’ = rite involving sesame

Traditional narrator (Purāṇic instruction within a dharma-teaching section; commonly framed as Sūta relating sages’ discourse)

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Ś
Śrāddha
D
Deva
T
Tila (sesame)
Y
Yava (barley)

FAQs

This verse is primarily ritual-instructional: it supports dharma through correct śrāddha timing and method. In the Kurma Purana’s broader framework, such disciplined karma is treated as a purifier that steadies the mind, making it fit for Atman-knowledge taught elsewhere (notably in the Ishvara Gita section).

No direct yoga technique is prescribed; the focus is on niyama-like discipline—proper time (pūrvāhna) and correct materials (yava/tila-kr̥yā). In Kurma Purana’s integrated path, orderly ritual action supports inner purity that becomes a foundation for later meditation and Pāśupata-oriented sādhanā.

The verse does not explicitly mention Śiva or Viṣṇu; it reflects the Purana’s synthesis indirectly by emphasizing orthodox dharma (śrāddha) as a shared religious ground across Śaiva and Vaiṣṇava contexts—ritual purity and right performance are upheld as universally beneficial.