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Shloka 15

Bhojana-vidhi and Nitya-karman: Directions for Eating, Prāṇa-Oblations, Sandhyā, and Conduct Leading to Apavarga

नाद्यात् सूर्यग्रहात् पूर्वमह्नि सायं शशिग्रहात् / ग्रहकाले च नाश्नीयात् स्नात्वाश्नीयात् तु मुक्तयोः

nādyāt sūryagrahāt pūrvamahni sāyaṃ śaśigrahāt / grahakāle ca nāśnīyāt snātvāśnīyāt tu muktayoḥ

Không nên ăn vào buổi sớm trước khi nhật thực, cũng không nên ăn vào buổi chiều trước khi nguyệt thực. Trong thời gian thực, chớ ăn; khi thực đã mãn (được giải), hãy tắm gội thanh tịnh rồi mới thọ thực.

nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/negation marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध (negation particle/निषेध-अव्यय)
adyātshould eat
adyāt:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootad (अद् धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः (3rd), एकवचनम्; धातुः: अद् (to eat)
sūrya-grahātfrom the solar eclipse
sūrya-grahāt:
Apadana (अपादानम्)
TypeNoun
Rootsūrya (प्रातिपदिक) + graha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गः, पञ्चमी-विभक्तिः (Ablative/5th), एकवचनम्; तत्पुरुषः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः) ‘सूर्यस्य ग्रहः’
pūrvabefore
pūrva:
Adhikarana (अधिकरणम्/temporal)
TypeAdjective
Rootpūrva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे अव्ययीभाववत्/क्रियाविशेषण-प्रयोगः; ‘पूर्वम्’ अर्थे (adverbial use)
ahnion the day
ahni:
Adhikarana (अधिकरणम्)
TypeNoun
Rootahan (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गः, सप्तमी-विभक्तिः (Locative/7th), एकवचनम्
sāyamin the evening
sāyam:
Adhikarana (अधिकरणम्/temporal)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsāyam (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of time)
śaśi-grahātfrom the lunar eclipse
śaśi-grahāt:
Apadana (अपादानम्)
TypeNoun
Rootśaśin (प्रातिपदिक) + graha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गः, पञ्चमी-विभक्तिः (Ablative/5th), एकवचनम्; तत्पुरुषः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः) ‘शशिनः ग्रहः’
graha-kāleat the time of the eclipse
graha-kāle:
Adhikarana (अधिकरणम्)
TypeNoun
Rootgraha (प्रातिपदिक) + kāla (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गः, सप्तमी-विभक्तिः (Locative/7th), एकवचनम्; तत्पुरुषः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः) ‘ग्रहस्य कालः’
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/conjunctive)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय (conjunction)
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/negation marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध (negation particle)
aśnīyātshould eat
aśnīyāt:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootaś (अश् धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः (3rd), एकवचनम्; धातुः: अश् (to eat)
snātvāhaving bathed
snātvā:
Kriya (क्रिया/पूर्वक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootsnā (स्ना धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभावः; धातुः: स्ना (to bathe)
aśnīyātshould eat
aśnīyāt:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootaś (अश् धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः (3rd), एकवचनम्
tubut/indeed
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formअवधारण/विरोध (particle: but/indeed)
muktayoḥwhen both (eclipses) are released/ended
muktayoḥ:
Adhikarana (अधिकरणम्/temporal)
TypeAdjective
Rootmukta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे (ग्रहयोः) सप्तमी/षष्ठी-द्विवचनरूपम्; अत्र षष्ठी-द्विवचनम् (Genitive/6th, Dual): ‘मुक्तयोः (ग्रहयोः)’ = when both are released

Traditionally framed as instruction within the Kurma Purana’s dharma-teachings (narrator voice in the Purana, conveying grahaṇa-ācāra).

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

S
Surya (Sun)
S
Shashi/Chandra (Moon)
G
Grahana (eclipse)

FAQs

This verse is primarily a dharma-śāstra style rule about purity during eclipses; it does not directly define Ātman, but it supports inner discipline (niyama) by regulating food and purification, which traditional yoga texts treat as conducive to clarity of mind for Self-knowledge.

The verse emphasizes restraint (upavāsa/abstinence from eating during grahaṇa) and purification (snāna after the eclipse). In the broader Kurma Purana ethos, such śauca and self-control function as preparatory limbs supporting japa, meditation, and Pāśupata-oriented observances.

It does not explicitly mention Shiva or Vishnu; however, the Kurma Purana’s synthesis frames dharma and purity rules as universally applicable disciplines that support devotion and yoga across Shaiva-Vaishnava practice, aligning outer conduct with inner spiritual aims.