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Shloka 50

The Preta’s Staged Journey to Yama’s City: Monthly Śrāddha Supports, Vaitaraṇī Crossing, and the Witnesses of Deeds

Devanagari script

नरैस्तुष्टैश्च पुष्टैश्च यत्प्रोक्तं च कृतं च यत् / सर्वमावेदयन्ति स्म चित्रगुप्ते यमे च तत्

Transliteration

naraistuṣṭaiśca puṣṭaiśca yatproktaṃ ca kṛtaṃ ca yat / sarvamāvedayanti sma citragupte yame ca tat

Translation

Mọi điều một người đã nói và mọi việc đã làm—dù đối với kẻ hài lòng hay đối với những người mình đã nuôi dưỡng, nâng đỡ—tất cả đều được tâu trình đầy đủ lên Chitragupta và lên Yama.

Word by Word
नरैःby men
नरैः:
Karana (Agent-instrument in passive sense/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootनर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3), बहुवचन
तुष्टैःsatisfied; pleased
तुष्टैः:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootतुष् (धातु) → तुष्ट (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3), बहुवचन; qualifying ‘नरैः’
चand
च:
Sambandha (Conjunction/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-निपात (conjunction)
पुष्टैःnourished; strengthened
पुष्टैः:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपुष् (धातु) → पुष्ट (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3), बहुवचन; qualifying ‘नरैः’
चand
च:
Sambandha (Conjunction/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-निपात (conjunction)
यत्whatever
यत्:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन; relative pronoun
प्रोक्तम्(what was) spoken
प्रोक्तम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootप्र+वच् (धातु) → प्रोक्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (PPP used as noun), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन; ‘what was said’
चand
च:
Sambandha (Conjunction/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-निपात (conjunction)
कृतम्(what was) done
कृतम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootकृ (धातु) → कृत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (PPP used as noun), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन; ‘what was done’
चand
च:
Sambandha (Conjunction/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-निपात (conjunction)
यत्whatever
यत्:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन; relative pronoun (correlative with ‘तत्’)
सर्वम्all (of it)
सर्वम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन
आवेदयन्तिthey report; they inform
आवेदयन्ति:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootआ+विद्/वेद् (धातु) → आवेदय् (णिजन्त)
Formलट् (present), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद; causative sense ‘make known’
स्म(indeed/used to)
स्म:
Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्म (अव्यय)
Formस्म-निपातः; past-narrative marker with present form
चित्रगुप्तेto/with Citragupta (in his presence)
चित्रगुप्ते:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootचित्रगुप्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7), एकवचन; proper noun
यमेto/with Yama
यमे:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootयम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7), एकवचन; proper noun
चand
च:
Sambandha (Conjunction/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-निपात (conjunction)
तत्that (all of that)
तत्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन; correlative pronoun
Speaker

Lord Vishnu (narrating to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Pretakalpa Layer

Afterlife Stage: Yamaloka Journey

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Nothing is lost: speech and action toward others (including those pleased or supported) are fully recorded and reported; karma is comprehensive.

Vedantic Theme: Karma’s subtle continuity (saṃskāra) and the inevitability of phala; ethical causality extends to words and relational duties.

Application: Guard speech (satya, hita, mita) and actions; treat dependents and beneficiaries responsibly; cultivate consistent kindness because relational deeds are also accountable.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: raudra

Geographic Context

Type: court/registry

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana Pretakalpa: Chitragupta’s role and Yama’s adjudication (surrounding 2.16 context)

Characters & Entities
C
Chitragupta
Y
Yama

FAQs

This verse highlights Chitragupta as the divine accountant who receives a complete report of a person’s speech and actions for presentation in Yama’s court.

It implies that after death the soul’s earthly conduct—words spoken and deeds done—is formally disclosed to Chitragupta and Yama, forming the basis for judgment and subsequent experience.

Treat speech and conduct as morally consequential: speak truthfully and act responsibly, especially toward those you benefit or support, knowing all actions are accountable.

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