Shloka 9

Bhadrā and Mitravindā: The Fruits of Namaskāra, Pradakṣiṇā, Hari-nāma, and Śravaṇa of Bhāgavata Kathā

Devanagari script

तस्यैव पादौ तलयन्त्रे निधाय यमश्च नित्यं प्रकरोति पिष्टम् / एषां जिह्वा हरिकृष्णेति नाम न वक्ति नित्यं व्यर्थभूतां वदन्ति

Transliteration

tasyaiva pādau talayantre nidhāya yamaśca nityaṃ prakaroti piṣṭam / eṣāṃ jihvā harikṛṣṇeti nāma na vakti nityaṃ vyarthabhūtāṃ vadanti

Translation

Đặt đôi chân của hắn lên thiết bị nghiền, Diêm Vương nghiền nát chúng mỗi ngày. Đối với những kẻ như vậy, lưỡi của họ không bao giờ thốt lên Danh xưng “Hari, Krishna” mà ngày qua ngày chỉ nói những điều vô nghĩa và lãng phí.

Word by Word

• tasya: of him
• tasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• eva: indeed
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधारणार्थक

• pādau: (two) feet
• pādau: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pāda (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, द्विवचन

• tala-yantrae: in the sole-pressing device
• tala-yantrae: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tala (प्रातिपदिक) + yantra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (तले यन्त्रं)

• nidhāya: having placed
• nidhāya: Kriyā (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ni-dhā (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive), ‘having placed’

• yamaḥ: Yama
• yamaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक

• nityam: always
• nityam: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: nityam (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb: always)

• prakaroti: crushes/does thoroughly
• prakaroti: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-kṛ (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार, परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• piṣṭam: pounded
• piṣṭam: Karma (कर्म/परिणाम)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: piṣṭa (कृदन्त; पिष् धातु)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त

• eṣām: of these (people)
• eṣām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: etad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; संकेतवाचक सर्वनाम

• jihvā: tongue
• jihvā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jihvā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• hari-kṛṣṇa-iti: ‘Hari-Krishna’ (thus)
• hari-kṛṣṇa-iti: Karma (कर्म/उक्तिविषय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hari (प्रातिपदिक) + kṛṣṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + iti (अव्यय)
• Form: उद्धरणरूपेण ‘इति’ सहित नामोच्चारण (quotative expression)

• nāma: the name
• nāma: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nāman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘नाम’ = name (object of speaking)

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निषेध

• vakti: speaks/utters
• vakti: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार, परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• nityam: always
• nityam: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: nityam (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; कालवाचक

• vyartha-bhūtām: become useless
• vyartha-bhūtām: Karma (कर्म/विधेय)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vyartha (प्रातिपदिक) + bhūta (कृदन्त; भू धातु)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारय-समास (व्यर्था भूता)

• vadanti: they say/call
• vadanti: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vad (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार, परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (narrating to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Pretakalpa Layer

Afterlife Stage: Naraka

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: The tongue meant for Hari-Kṛṣṇa nāma is wasted on futile talk; karmic consequence mirrors the spiritual misuse of speech.

Vedantic Theme: Vāk-śuddhi and nāma as sādhana; devotion transforms the instrument (tongue) from saṃsāric to liberating.

Application: Practice daily nāma-japa/kīrtana; reduce idle/fruitless speech; dedicate speech to truth, praise of the divine, and benefit of beings.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bibhatsa

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Geographic Context

Type: torture apparatus area within Yama’s realm

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana: repeated stress on nāma-smaraṇa as protection from Yamadūtas (general motif)

Characters & Entities

• Yama
• Hari
• Krishna

FAQs

What is the importance of Hari-nama (Hari/Krishna name) in Garuda Purana?

This verse frames the divine Name as a crucial spiritual practice: those who do not utter “Hari, Kṛṣṇa” are depicted as falling into severe Yama-danda (punitive) consequences, implying the Name’s protective and purifying role.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul after death?

It presents a post-death punitive scene in Yama’s realm: the sinner is subjected to a specific torment (talayantra—crushing of the feet), linking moral/spiritual neglect in life—especially neglect of Hari-nama and indulging in futile speech—to concrete suffering after death.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Cultivate meaningful speech and daily remembrance/chanting of Hari/Kṛṣṇa; reduce idle, harmful, or purposeless talk and adopt devotional discipline as a safeguard for ethical living and inner purification.